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Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Since neurons have long neurites including axons, it is crucial for the axons to transport many intracellular substances such as proteins and mitochondria in order to maintain their morphology and function. In addition, mRNAs have also been shown to be transported within axons. RNA-binding proteins...

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Autores principales: Nagano, Seiichi, Araki, Toshiyuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34194300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.697973
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author Nagano, Seiichi
Araki, Toshiyuki
author_facet Nagano, Seiichi
Araki, Toshiyuki
author_sort Nagano, Seiichi
collection PubMed
description Since neurons have long neurites including axons, it is crucial for the axons to transport many intracellular substances such as proteins and mitochondria in order to maintain their morphology and function. In addition, mRNAs have also been shown to be transported within axons. RNA-binding proteins form complexes with mRNAs, and regulate transport of the mRNAs to axons, as well as locally translate them into proteins. Local translation of mRNAs actively occurs during the development and damage of neurons, and plays an important role in axon elongation, regeneration, and synapse formation. In recent years, it has been reported that impaired axonal transport and local translation of mRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the significance of mRNA axonal transport and their local translation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, spinal muscular atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, and fragile X syndrome.
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spelling pubmed-82366352021-06-29 Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases Nagano, Seiichi Araki, Toshiyuki Front Mol Neurosci Neuroscience Since neurons have long neurites including axons, it is crucial for the axons to transport many intracellular substances such as proteins and mitochondria in order to maintain their morphology and function. In addition, mRNAs have also been shown to be transported within axons. RNA-binding proteins form complexes with mRNAs, and regulate transport of the mRNAs to axons, as well as locally translate them into proteins. Local translation of mRNAs actively occurs during the development and damage of neurons, and plays an important role in axon elongation, regeneration, and synapse formation. In recent years, it has been reported that impaired axonal transport and local translation of mRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the significance of mRNA axonal transport and their local translation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, spinal muscular atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, and fragile X syndrome. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8236635/ /pubmed/34194300 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.697973 Text en Copyright © 2021 Nagano and Araki. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Nagano, Seiichi
Araki, Toshiyuki
Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_fullStr Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_short Axonal Transport and Local Translation of mRNA in Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_sort axonal transport and local translation of mrna in neurodegenerative diseases
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34194300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.697973
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