Ascorbyl palmitate-incorporated paclitaxel-loaded composite nanoparticles for synergistic anti-tumoral therapy

A co-loaded drug delivery system based on ascorbyl palmitate that can transport various functional drugs to their targets within a tumor represents an attractive strategy for increasing the efficiency of anticancer treatment. In this study, we developed a dual drug delivery system to encapsulate ascorbyl palmitate (AP) and paclitaxel (PTX) for synergistic cancer therapy. AP, which is a vitamin C derivative, and PTX were incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles (AP/PTX-SLNs), which were used to treat murine B16F10 melanoma that had metastasized to the lungs of mice. These nanoparticles were spherical with an average size of 223 nm as measured by transmission electron microscope and dynamic light scattering. In vitro cytotoxicity assays indicated that the AP/PTX-SLNs with an AP/PTX mass ratio of 2/1 provided the optimal synergistic anticancer efficacy. In vivo, AP/PTX-SLNs were revealed to be much more effective in suppressing tumor growth in B16F10-bearing mice and in eliminating cancer cells in the lungs than single drug (AP or PTX)-loaded SLNs via a synergistic effect through reducing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Furthermore, no marked side effects were observed during the treatment with the AP/PTX-SLNs, indicating that the co-delivery system with ascorbyl palmitate holds promising clinical potential in cancer therapy.