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The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections

Countries in the Middle-East (ME) are tackling two corona virus outbreaks simultaneously, Middle-Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Both viruses infect the same host (humans) and the same cell (type-II alv...

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Autores principales: Sajini, Abdulrahim A., Alkayyal, Almohanad A., Mubaraki, Fathi A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Atlantis Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8242116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33605109
http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.201105.001
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author Sajini, Abdulrahim A.
Alkayyal, Almohanad A.
Mubaraki, Fathi A.
author_facet Sajini, Abdulrahim A.
Alkayyal, Almohanad A.
Mubaraki, Fathi A.
author_sort Sajini, Abdulrahim A.
collection PubMed
description Countries in the Middle-East (ME) are tackling two corona virus outbreaks simultaneously, Middle-Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Both viruses infect the same host (humans) and the same cell (type-II alveolar cells) causing lower respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia. Molecularly, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 enter alveolar cells via spike proteins recognizing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and angiotensin converting enzyme-II, respectively. Intracellularly, both viruses hide in organelles to generate negative RNA strands and initiate replication using very similar mechanisms. At the transcription level, both viruses utilise identical Transcription Regulatory Sequences (TRSs), which are known recombination cross-over points during replication, to transcribe genes. Using whole genome alignments of both viruses, we identify clusters of high sequence homology at ORF1a and ORF1b. Given the high recombination rates detected in SARS-CoV-2, we speculate that in co-infections recombination is feasible via TRS and/or clusters of homologies. Accordingly, here we recommend mitigation measure and testing for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in ME countries.
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spelling pubmed-82421162021-07-13 The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections Sajini, Abdulrahim A. Alkayyal, Almohanad A. Mubaraki, Fathi A. J Epidemiol Glob Health Perspective Countries in the Middle-East (ME) are tackling two corona virus outbreaks simultaneously, Middle-Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Both viruses infect the same host (humans) and the same cell (type-II alveolar cells) causing lower respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia. Molecularly, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 enter alveolar cells via spike proteins recognizing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and angiotensin converting enzyme-II, respectively. Intracellularly, both viruses hide in organelles to generate negative RNA strands and initiate replication using very similar mechanisms. At the transcription level, both viruses utilise identical Transcription Regulatory Sequences (TRSs), which are known recombination cross-over points during replication, to transcribe genes. Using whole genome alignments of both viruses, we identify clusters of high sequence homology at ORF1a and ORF1b. Given the high recombination rates detected in SARS-CoV-2, we speculate that in co-infections recombination is feasible via TRS and/or clusters of homologies. Accordingly, here we recommend mitigation measure and testing for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in ME countries. Atlantis Press 2021-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8242116/ /pubmed/33605109 http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.201105.001 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Perspective
Sajini, Abdulrahim A.
Alkayyal, Almohanad A.
Mubaraki, Fathi A.
The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title_full The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title_fullStr The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title_full_unstemmed The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title_short The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections
title_sort recombination potential between sars-cov-2 and mers-cov from cross-species spill-over infections
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8242116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33605109
http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.201105.001
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