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Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Crude glycerin is changed to propionate in the rumen, while chitosan can be used as a feed supplement to increase propionic acid concentration and decrease methane (CH(4)) production. We hypothesized that supplementation with a combination of a high level of crude glycerin with c...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Veterinary World
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8243679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220117 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1158-1164 |
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author | Seankamsorn, Anuthida Cherdthong, Anusorn So, Sarong Wanapat, and Metha |
author_facet | Seankamsorn, Anuthida Cherdthong, Anusorn So, Sarong Wanapat, and Metha |
author_sort | Seankamsorn, Anuthida |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND AIM: Crude glycerin is changed to propionate in the rumen, while chitosan can be used as a feed supplement to increase propionic acid concentration and decrease methane (CH(4)) production. We hypothesized that supplementation with a combination of a high level of crude glycerin with chitosan could have a beneficial effect on ruminal fermentation and mitigate CH(4) production. This study aimed to explore the combined effects of crude glycerin and chitosan supplementation on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and CH(4) calculation in native Thai bulls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four 2-year-old native Thai bulls, weighing 150±20 kg, were kept in a 2×2 factorial arrangement in a 4×4 Latin square design. Factor A represented the incorporation of crude glycerin at 10.5% and 21% of the dry matter (DM) of a total mixed ration (TMR), and factor B represented the supplementation of chitosan at 1% and 2% DM of a TMR. RESULTS: Increasing levels of crude glycerin at 21% decreased DM intake by 0.62 kg/day compared with 10.5% crude glycerin (p<0.05), whereas nutrient digestibility did not change (p>0.05). The incorporated crude glycerin and supplemented chitosan levels did not affect the pH, temperature, concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen, microbial population, and blood urea nitrogen (p>0.05). Supplemented chitosan and incorporated crude glycerin did not show any interaction effects on the molar portions and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), except estimated CH(4). Increasing the incorporated crude glycerin levels increased propionate and decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate ratio, whereas levels of butyrate, acetate, and total VFAs were unchanged. The combination of crude glycerin at 21% in the TMR with chitosan at 2% reduced CH(4) estimation by 5.08% compared with the other feed treatment. CONCLUSION: Increasing incorporated crude glycerin levels in a TMR significantly elevated the propionate concentration, whereas combining 21% crude glycerin in the TMR diet with 2% chitosan supplementation could depress CH(4) estimation more effectively than adding one of these supplements alone. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8243679 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Veterinary World |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82436792021-07-02 Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls Seankamsorn, Anuthida Cherdthong, Anusorn So, Sarong Wanapat, and Metha Vet World Research Article BACKGROUND AND AIM: Crude glycerin is changed to propionate in the rumen, while chitosan can be used as a feed supplement to increase propionic acid concentration and decrease methane (CH(4)) production. We hypothesized that supplementation with a combination of a high level of crude glycerin with chitosan could have a beneficial effect on ruminal fermentation and mitigate CH(4) production. This study aimed to explore the combined effects of crude glycerin and chitosan supplementation on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and CH(4) calculation in native Thai bulls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four 2-year-old native Thai bulls, weighing 150±20 kg, were kept in a 2×2 factorial arrangement in a 4×4 Latin square design. Factor A represented the incorporation of crude glycerin at 10.5% and 21% of the dry matter (DM) of a total mixed ration (TMR), and factor B represented the supplementation of chitosan at 1% and 2% DM of a TMR. RESULTS: Increasing levels of crude glycerin at 21% decreased DM intake by 0.62 kg/day compared with 10.5% crude glycerin (p<0.05), whereas nutrient digestibility did not change (p>0.05). The incorporated crude glycerin and supplemented chitosan levels did not affect the pH, temperature, concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen, microbial population, and blood urea nitrogen (p>0.05). Supplemented chitosan and incorporated crude glycerin did not show any interaction effects on the molar portions and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), except estimated CH(4). Increasing the incorporated crude glycerin levels increased propionate and decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate ratio, whereas levels of butyrate, acetate, and total VFAs were unchanged. The combination of crude glycerin at 21% in the TMR with chitosan at 2% reduced CH(4) estimation by 5.08% compared with the other feed treatment. CONCLUSION: Increasing incorporated crude glycerin levels in a TMR significantly elevated the propionate concentration, whereas combining 21% crude glycerin in the TMR diet with 2% chitosan supplementation could depress CH(4) estimation more effectively than adding one of these supplements alone. Veterinary World 2021-05 2021-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8243679/ /pubmed/34220117 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1158-1164 Text en Copyright: © Seankamsorn, et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Seankamsorn, Anuthida Cherdthong, Anusorn So, Sarong Wanapat, and Metha Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title | Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title_full | Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title_fullStr | Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title_full_unstemmed | Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title_short | Using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native Thai bulls |
title_sort | using glycerin with chitosan extracted from shrimp residue to enhance rumen fermentation and feed use in native thai bulls |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8243679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220117 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1158-1164 |
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