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Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae), the fifth most consumed fruit worldwide, is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical regions, but its vascular anatomy is quite unexplored. Previous studies examined the xylem structure in the stems of mango, but the anatomy of the phloem has rema...

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Autores principales: Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel, Hormaza, José I., Losada, Juan M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8245510/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34193860
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-021-00584-1
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author Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel
Hormaza, José I.
Losada, Juan M.
author_facet Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel
Hormaza, José I.
Losada, Juan M.
author_sort Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel
collection PubMed
description Mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae), the fifth most consumed fruit worldwide, is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical regions, but its vascular anatomy is quite unexplored. Previous studies examined the xylem structure in the stems of mango, but the anatomy of the phloem has remained elusive, leaving the long-distance transport of photoassimilates understudied. We combined fluorescence and electron microscopy to evaluate the structure of the phloem tissue in the tapering branches of mango trees, and used this information to describe the hydraulic conductivity of its sieve tube elements following current models of fluid transport in trees. We revealed that the anatomy of the phloem changes from current year branches, where it was protected by pericyclic fibres, to older ones, where the lack of fibres was concomitant with laticiferous canals embedded in the phloem tissue. Callose was present in the sieve plates, but also in the walls of the phloem sieve cells, making them discernible from other phloem cells. A scaling geometry of the sieve tube elements—including the number of sieve areas and the pore size across tapering branches—resulted in an exponential conductivity towards the base of the tree. These evaluations in mango fit with previous measurements of the phloem architecture in the stems of forest trees, suggesting that, despite agronomic management, the phloem sieve cells scale with the tapering branches. The pipe model theory applied to the continuous tubing system of the phloem appears as a good approach to understand the hydraulic transport of photoassimilates in fruit trees.
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spelling pubmed-82455102021-07-20 Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.) Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel Hormaza, José I. Losada, Juan M. Hortic Res Article Mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae), the fifth most consumed fruit worldwide, is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical regions, but its vascular anatomy is quite unexplored. Previous studies examined the xylem structure in the stems of mango, but the anatomy of the phloem has remained elusive, leaving the long-distance transport of photoassimilates understudied. We combined fluorescence and electron microscopy to evaluate the structure of the phloem tissue in the tapering branches of mango trees, and used this information to describe the hydraulic conductivity of its sieve tube elements following current models of fluid transport in trees. We revealed that the anatomy of the phloem changes from current year branches, where it was protected by pericyclic fibres, to older ones, where the lack of fibres was concomitant with laticiferous canals embedded in the phloem tissue. Callose was present in the sieve plates, but also in the walls of the phloem sieve cells, making them discernible from other phloem cells. A scaling geometry of the sieve tube elements—including the number of sieve areas and the pore size across tapering branches—resulted in an exponential conductivity towards the base of the tree. These evaluations in mango fit with previous measurements of the phloem architecture in the stems of forest trees, suggesting that, despite agronomic management, the phloem sieve cells scale with the tapering branches. The pipe model theory applied to the continuous tubing system of the phloem appears as a good approach to understand the hydraulic transport of photoassimilates in fruit trees. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8245510/ /pubmed/34193860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-021-00584-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Barceló-Anguiano, Miguel
Hormaza, José I.
Losada, Juan M.
Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title_full Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title_fullStr Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title_full_unstemmed Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title_short Conductivity of the phloem in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
title_sort conductivity of the phloem in mango (mangifera indica l.)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8245510/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34193860
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-021-00584-1
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