One‐year outcomes of supersaturated oxygen therapy in acute anterior myocardial infarction: The IC‐HOT study

BACKGROUND: Supersaturated oxygen (SSO(2)) has recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for administration after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in patients with anterior ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on its demonstration of infarct size reduction in the IC‐HOT study. OBJECTIVES: To describe the 1‐year clinical outcomes of intracoronary SSO(2) treatment after pPCI in patients with anterior STEMI. METHODS: IC‐HOT was a prospective, open‐label, single‐arm study in which 100 patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing successful pPCI of an occluded left anterior descending coronary artery were treated with a 60‐min SSO(2) infusion. One‐year clinical outcomes were compared with a propensity‐matched control group of similar patients with anterior STEMI enrolled in the INFUSE‐AMI trial. RESULTS: Baseline and postprocedural characteristics were similar in the two groups except for pre‐PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow, which was less prevalent in patients treated with SSO(2) (9.6% vs. 22.9%, p = .02). Treatment with SSO(2) was associated with a lower 1‐year rate of the composite endpoint of all‐cause death or new‐onset heart failure (HF) or hospitalization for HF (0.0% vs. 12.3%, p = .001). All‐cause mortality, driven by cardiovascular mortality, and new‐onset HF or HF hospitalization were each individually lower in SSO(2)‐treated patients. There were no significant differences between groups in the 1‐year rates of reinfarction or clinically driven target vessel revascularization. CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of SSO(2) following pPCI in patients with anterior STEMI was associated with improved 1‐year clinical outcomes including lower rates of death and new‐onset HF or HF hospitalizations.