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Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis

Hamilton's theory of local mate competition (LMC) describes how competition between male relatives for mating opportunities favours a female‐biased parental investment. LMC theory has been extended in many ways to explore a range of genetic and life‐history influences on sex allocation strategi...

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Autores principales: Gardner, Andy, Hardy, Ian C. W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247433/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33078506
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13719
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author Gardner, Andy
Hardy, Ian C. W.
author_facet Gardner, Andy
Hardy, Ian C. W.
author_sort Gardner, Andy
collection PubMed
description Hamilton's theory of local mate competition (LMC) describes how competition between male relatives for mating opportunities favours a female‐biased parental investment. LMC theory has been extended in many ways to explore a range of genetic and life‐history influences on sex allocation strategies, including showing that increasing genetic homogeneity within mating groups should favour greater female bias. However, there has been no quantitative theoretical prediction as to how females should facultatively adjust their sex allocation in response to co‐foundress number and kinship. This shortfall has been highlighted recently by the finding that sex ratios produced by sub‐social parasitoid wasps in the family Bethylidae are affected by the number of co‐foundresses and by whether these are sisters or unrelated females. Here we close this gap in LMC theory by taking an inclusive‐fitness approach to derive explicit theoretical predictions for this scenario. We find that, in line with the recent empirical results, females should adopt a more female‐biased sex allocation when their co‐foundresses are less numerous and are their sisters. Our model appears to predict somewhat more female bias than is observed empirically; we discuss a number of possible model extensions that would improve realism and that would be expected to result in a closer quantitative fit with experimental data.
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spelling pubmed-82474332021-07-02 Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis Gardner, Andy Hardy, Ian C. W. J Evol Biol Short Communications Hamilton's theory of local mate competition (LMC) describes how competition between male relatives for mating opportunities favours a female‐biased parental investment. LMC theory has been extended in many ways to explore a range of genetic and life‐history influences on sex allocation strategies, including showing that increasing genetic homogeneity within mating groups should favour greater female bias. However, there has been no quantitative theoretical prediction as to how females should facultatively adjust their sex allocation in response to co‐foundress number and kinship. This shortfall has been highlighted recently by the finding that sex ratios produced by sub‐social parasitoid wasps in the family Bethylidae are affected by the number of co‐foundresses and by whether these are sisters or unrelated females. Here we close this gap in LMC theory by taking an inclusive‐fitness approach to derive explicit theoretical predictions for this scenario. We find that, in line with the recent empirical results, females should adopt a more female‐biased sex allocation when their co‐foundresses are less numerous and are their sisters. Our model appears to predict somewhat more female bias than is observed empirically; we discuss a number of possible model extensions that would improve realism and that would be expected to result in a closer quantitative fit with experimental data. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-11-18 2020-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8247433/ /pubmed/33078506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13719 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Evolutionary Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society for Evolutionary Biology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Short Communications
Gardner, Andy
Hardy, Ian C. W.
Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title_full Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title_fullStr Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title_full_unstemmed Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title_short Adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: An inclusive‐fitness analysis
title_sort adjustment of sex allocation to co‐foundress number and kinship under local mate competition: an inclusive‐fitness analysis
topic Short Communications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247433/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33078506
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13719
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