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Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition
Deadwood decomposition is responsible for a significant amount of carbon (C) turnover in natural forests. While fresh deadwood contains mainly plant compounds and is extremely low in nitrogen (N), fungal biomass and N content increase during decomposition. Here, we examined 18 genome-sequenced bacte...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.685303 |
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author | Tláskal, Vojtěch Baldrian, Petr |
author_facet | Tláskal, Vojtěch Baldrian, Petr |
author_sort | Tláskal, Vojtěch |
collection | PubMed |
description | Deadwood decomposition is responsible for a significant amount of carbon (C) turnover in natural forests. While fresh deadwood contains mainly plant compounds and is extremely low in nitrogen (N), fungal biomass and N content increase during decomposition. Here, we examined 18 genome-sequenced bacterial strains representing the dominant deadwood taxa to assess their adaptations to C and N utilization in deadwood. Diverse gene sets for the efficient decomposition of plant and fungal cell wall biopolymers were found in Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. In contrast to these groups, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria contained fewer carbohydrate-active enzymes and depended either on low-molecular-mass C sources or on mycophagy. This group, however, showed rich gene complements for N(2) fixation and nitrate/nitrite reduction—key assimilatory and dissimilatory steps in the deadwood N cycle. We show that N(2) fixers can obtain C independently from either plant biopolymers or fungal biomass. The succession of bacteria on decomposing deadwood reflects their ability to cope with the changing quality of C-containing compounds and increasing N content. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8247643 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82476432021-07-02 Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition Tláskal, Vojtěch Baldrian, Petr Front Microbiol Microbiology Deadwood decomposition is responsible for a significant amount of carbon (C) turnover in natural forests. While fresh deadwood contains mainly plant compounds and is extremely low in nitrogen (N), fungal biomass and N content increase during decomposition. Here, we examined 18 genome-sequenced bacterial strains representing the dominant deadwood taxa to assess their adaptations to C and N utilization in deadwood. Diverse gene sets for the efficient decomposition of plant and fungal cell wall biopolymers were found in Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. In contrast to these groups, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria contained fewer carbohydrate-active enzymes and depended either on low-molecular-mass C sources or on mycophagy. This group, however, showed rich gene complements for N(2) fixation and nitrate/nitrite reduction—key assimilatory and dissimilatory steps in the deadwood N cycle. We show that N(2) fixers can obtain C independently from either plant biopolymers or fungal biomass. The succession of bacteria on decomposing deadwood reflects their ability to cope with the changing quality of C-containing compounds and increasing N content. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8247643/ /pubmed/34220772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.685303 Text en Copyright © 2021 Tláskal and Baldrian. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Tláskal, Vojtěch Baldrian, Petr Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title | Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title_full | Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title_fullStr | Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title_full_unstemmed | Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title_short | Deadwood-Inhabiting Bacteria Show Adaptations to Changing Carbon and Nitrogen Availability During Decomposition |
title_sort | deadwood-inhabiting bacteria show adaptations to changing carbon and nitrogen availability during decomposition |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.685303 |
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