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Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design

Randomized controlled trials on drug safety and effectiveness are the foundation of medical evidence, but they may have limited generalizability and be unpowered to detect rare and long-term kidney outcomes. Observational studies in routine care data can complement and expand trial evidence on the u...

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Autores principales: Trevisan, Marco, Fu, Edouard L, Xu, Yang, Jager, Kitty, Zoccali, Carmine, Dekker, Friedo W, Carrero, Juan Jesus
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34221367
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa244
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author Trevisan, Marco
Fu, Edouard L
Xu, Yang
Jager, Kitty
Zoccali, Carmine
Dekker, Friedo W
Carrero, Juan Jesus
author_facet Trevisan, Marco
Fu, Edouard L
Xu, Yang
Jager, Kitty
Zoccali, Carmine
Dekker, Friedo W
Carrero, Juan Jesus
author_sort Trevisan, Marco
collection PubMed
description Randomized controlled trials on drug safety and effectiveness are the foundation of medical evidence, but they may have limited generalizability and be unpowered to detect rare and long-term kidney outcomes. Observational studies in routine care data can complement and expand trial evidence on the use, safety and effectiveness of medications and aid with clinical decisions in areas where evidence is lacking. Access to routinely collected large healthcare data has resulted in the proliferation of studies addressing the effect of medications in patients with kidney diseases and this review provides an introduction to the science of pharmacoepidemiology to critically appraise them. In this first review we discuss the concept and applications of pharmacoepidemiology, describing methods for drug-utilization research and discussing the strengths and caveats of the most commonly used study designs to evaluate comparative drug safety and effectiveness.
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spelling pubmed-82477362021-07-02 Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design Trevisan, Marco Fu, Edouard L Xu, Yang Jager, Kitty Zoccali, Carmine Dekker, Friedo W Carrero, Juan Jesus Clin Kidney J CKJ Reviews Randomized controlled trials on drug safety and effectiveness are the foundation of medical evidence, but they may have limited generalizability and be unpowered to detect rare and long-term kidney outcomes. Observational studies in routine care data can complement and expand trial evidence on the use, safety and effectiveness of medications and aid with clinical decisions in areas where evidence is lacking. Access to routinely collected large healthcare data has resulted in the proliferation of studies addressing the effect of medications in patients with kidney diseases and this review provides an introduction to the science of pharmacoepidemiology to critically appraise them. In this first review we discuss the concept and applications of pharmacoepidemiology, describing methods for drug-utilization research and discussing the strengths and caveats of the most commonly used study designs to evaluate comparative drug safety and effectiveness. Oxford University Press 2020-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8247736/ /pubmed/34221367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa244 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle CKJ Reviews
Trevisan, Marco
Fu, Edouard L
Xu, Yang
Jager, Kitty
Zoccali, Carmine
Dekker, Friedo W
Carrero, Juan Jesus
Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title_full Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title_fullStr Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title_short Pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
title_sort pharmacoepidemiology for nephrologists (part 1): concept, applications and considerations for study design
topic CKJ Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34221367
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa244
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