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Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)

Transcription factors of the WRKY family play pivotal roles in plant defense responses, including the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. Based on the previous findings of WRKY proteins regulating benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) biosynthesis, such as CjWRKY1—a regulator of berberine biosynthe...

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Autores principales: Yamada, Yasuyuki, Nishida, Shohei, Shitan, Nobukazu, Sato, Fumihiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8248504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220919
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.699326
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author Yamada, Yasuyuki
Nishida, Shohei
Shitan, Nobukazu
Sato, Fumihiko
author_facet Yamada, Yasuyuki
Nishida, Shohei
Shitan, Nobukazu
Sato, Fumihiko
author_sort Yamada, Yasuyuki
collection PubMed
description Transcription factors of the WRKY family play pivotal roles in plant defense responses, including the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. Based on the previous findings of WRKY proteins regulating benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) biosynthesis, such as CjWRKY1—a regulator of berberine biosynthesis in Coptis japonica—and PsWRKY1—a regulator of morphine biosynthesis in Papaver somniferum—we performed genome-wide characterization of the WRKY gene family in Eschscholzia californica (California poppy), which produces various BIAs. Fifty WRKY genes were identified by homology search and classified into three groups based on phylogenetic, gene structure, and conserved motif analyses. RNA sequencing showed that several EcWRKY genes transiently responded to methyl jasmonate, a known alkaloid inducer, and the expression patterns of these EcWRKY genes were rather similar to those of BIA biosynthetic enzyme genes. Furthermore, tissue expression profiling suggested the involvement of a few subgroup IIc EcWRKYs in the regulation of BIA biosynthesis. Transactivation analysis using luciferase reporter genes harboring the promoters of biosynthetic enzyme genes indicated little activity of subgroup IIc EcWRKYs, suggesting that the transcriptional network of BIA biosynthesis constitutes multiple members. Finally, we investigated the coexpression patterns of EcWRKYs with some transporter genes and discussed the diversified functions of WRKY genes based on a previous finding that CjWRKY1 overexpression in California poppy cells enhanced BIA secretion into the medium.
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spelling pubmed-82485042021-07-02 Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica) Yamada, Yasuyuki Nishida, Shohei Shitan, Nobukazu Sato, Fumihiko Front Plant Sci Plant Science Transcription factors of the WRKY family play pivotal roles in plant defense responses, including the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. Based on the previous findings of WRKY proteins regulating benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) biosynthesis, such as CjWRKY1—a regulator of berberine biosynthesis in Coptis japonica—and PsWRKY1—a regulator of morphine biosynthesis in Papaver somniferum—we performed genome-wide characterization of the WRKY gene family in Eschscholzia californica (California poppy), which produces various BIAs. Fifty WRKY genes were identified by homology search and classified into three groups based on phylogenetic, gene structure, and conserved motif analyses. RNA sequencing showed that several EcWRKY genes transiently responded to methyl jasmonate, a known alkaloid inducer, and the expression patterns of these EcWRKY genes were rather similar to those of BIA biosynthetic enzyme genes. Furthermore, tissue expression profiling suggested the involvement of a few subgroup IIc EcWRKYs in the regulation of BIA biosynthesis. Transactivation analysis using luciferase reporter genes harboring the promoters of biosynthetic enzyme genes indicated little activity of subgroup IIc EcWRKYs, suggesting that the transcriptional network of BIA biosynthesis constitutes multiple members. Finally, we investigated the coexpression patterns of EcWRKYs with some transporter genes and discussed the diversified functions of WRKY genes based on a previous finding that CjWRKY1 overexpression in California poppy cells enhanced BIA secretion into the medium. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8248504/ /pubmed/34220919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.699326 Text en Copyright © 2021 Yamada, Nishida, Shitan and Sato. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Yamada, Yasuyuki
Nishida, Shohei
Shitan, Nobukazu
Sato, Fumihiko
Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title_full Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title_short Genome-Wide Profiling of WRKY Genes Involved in Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
title_sort genome-wide profiling of wrky genes involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in california poppy (eschscholzia californica)
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8248504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220919
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.699326
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