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Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective
The exponential growth of nanotechnology and the industrial production have raised concerns over its impact on human and environmental health and safety (EHS). Although there has been substantial progress in the assessment of pristine nanoparticle toxicities, their EHS impacts require greater clarif...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Korean Society of Cancer Prevention
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8249203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34258247 http://dx.doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2021.26.2.83 |
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author | Koedrith, Preeyaporn Rahman, Md. Mujibur Jang, Yu Jin Shin, Dong Yeop Seo, Young Rok |
author_facet | Koedrith, Preeyaporn Rahman, Md. Mujibur Jang, Yu Jin Shin, Dong Yeop Seo, Young Rok |
author_sort | Koedrith, Preeyaporn |
collection | PubMed |
description | The exponential growth of nanotechnology and the industrial production have raised concerns over its impact on human and environmental health and safety (EHS). Although there has been substantial progress in the assessment of pristine nanoparticle toxicities, their EHS impacts require greater clarification. In this review, we discuss studies that have assessed nanoparticle eco-genotoxicity in different test systems and their fate in the environment as well as the considerable confounding factors that may complicate the results. We highlight key mechanisms of nanoparticle-mediated genotoxicity. Then we discuss the reliability of endpoint assays, such as the comet assay, the most favored assessment technique because of its versatility to measure low levels of DNA strand breakage, and the micronucleus assay, which is complementary to the former because of its greater ability to detect chromosomal DNA fragmentation. We also address the current recommendations on experimental design, including environmentally relevant concentrations and suitable exposure duration to avoid false-positive or -negative results. The genotoxicity of nanoparticles depends on their physicochemical features and the presence of co-pollutants. Thus, the effect of environmental processes (e.g., aggregation and agglomeration, adsorption, and transformation of nanoparticles) would account for when determining the actual genotoxicity relevant to environmental systems, and assay procedures must be standardized. Indeed, the engineered nanoparticles offer potential applications in different fields including biomedicine, environment, agriculture, and industry. Toxicological pathways and the potential risk factors related to genotoxic responses in biological organisms and environments need to be clarified before appropriate and sustainable applications of nanoparticles can be established. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8249203 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Korean Society of Cancer Prevention |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82492032021-07-12 Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective Koedrith, Preeyaporn Rahman, Md. Mujibur Jang, Yu Jin Shin, Dong Yeop Seo, Young Rok J Cancer Prev Review The exponential growth of nanotechnology and the industrial production have raised concerns over its impact on human and environmental health and safety (EHS). Although there has been substantial progress in the assessment of pristine nanoparticle toxicities, their EHS impacts require greater clarification. In this review, we discuss studies that have assessed nanoparticle eco-genotoxicity in different test systems and their fate in the environment as well as the considerable confounding factors that may complicate the results. We highlight key mechanisms of nanoparticle-mediated genotoxicity. Then we discuss the reliability of endpoint assays, such as the comet assay, the most favored assessment technique because of its versatility to measure low levels of DNA strand breakage, and the micronucleus assay, which is complementary to the former because of its greater ability to detect chromosomal DNA fragmentation. We also address the current recommendations on experimental design, including environmentally relevant concentrations and suitable exposure duration to avoid false-positive or -negative results. The genotoxicity of nanoparticles depends on their physicochemical features and the presence of co-pollutants. Thus, the effect of environmental processes (e.g., aggregation and agglomeration, adsorption, and transformation of nanoparticles) would account for when determining the actual genotoxicity relevant to environmental systems, and assay procedures must be standardized. Indeed, the engineered nanoparticles offer potential applications in different fields including biomedicine, environment, agriculture, and industry. Toxicological pathways and the potential risk factors related to genotoxic responses in biological organisms and environments need to be clarified before appropriate and sustainable applications of nanoparticles can be established. Korean Society of Cancer Prevention 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8249203/ /pubmed/34258247 http://dx.doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2021.26.2.83 Text en Copyright © 2021 Korean Society of Cancer Prevention https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Koedrith, Preeyaporn Rahman, Md. Mujibur Jang, Yu Jin Shin, Dong Yeop Seo, Young Rok Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title | Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title_full | Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title_fullStr | Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title_full_unstemmed | Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title_short | Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective |
title_sort | nanoparticles: weighing the pros and cons from an eco-genotoxicological perspective |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8249203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34258247 http://dx.doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2021.26.2.83 |
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