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Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures

Accurate knowledge of transport properties of Li‐insertion materials in application‐relevant temperature ranges is of crucial importance for the targeted optimization of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) is a widely applied method to determine Li‐ion diff...

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Autores principales: Schied, Thomas, Nickol, Alexander, Heubner, Christian, Schneider, Michael, Michaelis, Alexander, Bobeth, Manfred, Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8252744/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33615633
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202001025
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author Schied, Thomas
Nickol, Alexander
Heubner, Christian
Schneider, Michael
Michaelis, Alexander
Bobeth, Manfred
Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
author_facet Schied, Thomas
Nickol, Alexander
Heubner, Christian
Schneider, Michael
Michaelis, Alexander
Bobeth, Manfred
Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
author_sort Schied, Thomas
collection PubMed
description Accurate knowledge of transport properties of Li‐insertion materials in application‐relevant temperature ranges is of crucial importance for the targeted optimization of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) is a widely applied method to determine Li‐ion diffusion coefficients of electrode materials. The well‐known calculation formulas based on Weppner's and Huggins’ approach, imply a square‐root time dependence of the potential during a GITT pulse. Charging the electrochemical double layer capacitance at the beginning of a GITT pulse usually takes less than one second. However, at lower temperatures down to −40 °C, the double layer charging time strongly increases due to an increase of the charge transfer resistance. The charging time can become comparable with the pulse duration, impeding the conventional GITT diffusion analysis. We propose a model to describe the potential change during a galvanostatic current pulse, which includes an initial, relatively long‐lasting double layer charging, and analyze the accuracy of the lithium diffusion coefficient, derived by using the Weppner‐Huggins method within a suitably chosen time interval of the pulse. Effects leading to an inaccurate determination of the diffusion coefficient are discussed and suggestions to improve GITT analyses at low temperature are derived.
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spelling pubmed-82527442021-07-12 Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures Schied, Thomas Nickol, Alexander Heubner, Christian Schneider, Michael Michaelis, Alexander Bobeth, Manfred Cuniberti, Gianaurelio Chemphyschem Articles Accurate knowledge of transport properties of Li‐insertion materials in application‐relevant temperature ranges is of crucial importance for the targeted optimization of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) is a widely applied method to determine Li‐ion diffusion coefficients of electrode materials. The well‐known calculation formulas based on Weppner's and Huggins’ approach, imply a square‐root time dependence of the potential during a GITT pulse. Charging the electrochemical double layer capacitance at the beginning of a GITT pulse usually takes less than one second. However, at lower temperatures down to −40 °C, the double layer charging time strongly increases due to an increase of the charge transfer resistance. The charging time can become comparable with the pulse duration, impeding the conventional GITT diffusion analysis. We propose a model to describe the potential change during a galvanostatic current pulse, which includes an initial, relatively long‐lasting double layer charging, and analyze the accuracy of the lithium diffusion coefficient, derived by using the Weppner‐Huggins method within a suitably chosen time interval of the pulse. Effects leading to an inaccurate determination of the diffusion coefficient are discussed and suggestions to improve GITT analyses at low temperature are derived. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-05-03 2021-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8252744/ /pubmed/33615633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202001025 Text en © 2021 The Authors. ChemPhysChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Articles
Schied, Thomas
Nickol, Alexander
Heubner, Christian
Schneider, Michael
Michaelis, Alexander
Bobeth, Manfred
Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title_full Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title_fullStr Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title_full_unstemmed Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title_short Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures
title_sort determining the diffusion coefficient of lithium insertion cathodes from gitt measurements: theoretical analysis for low temperatures
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8252744/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33615633
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202001025
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