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Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD

The gut microbiota appears to play a central role in health, and alterations in the gut microbiota are observed in both forms of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Yet, the mechanisms behind host-microbiota interactions in IBD, especially at the intestin...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Poletti, Martina, Arnauts, Kaline, Ferrante, Marc, Korcsmaros, Tamas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8256633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33341879
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa257
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author Poletti, Martina
Arnauts, Kaline
Ferrante, Marc
Korcsmaros, Tamas
author_facet Poletti, Martina
Arnauts, Kaline
Ferrante, Marc
Korcsmaros, Tamas
author_sort Poletti, Martina
collection PubMed
description The gut microbiota appears to play a central role in health, and alterations in the gut microbiota are observed in both forms of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Yet, the mechanisms behind host-microbiota interactions in IBD, especially at the intestinal epithelial cell level, are not yet fully understood. Dissecting the role of host-microbiota interactions in disease onset and progression is pivotal, and requires representative models mimicking the gastrointestinal ecosystem, including the intestinal epithelium, the gut microbiota, and immune cells. New advancements in organoid microfluidics technology are facilitating the study of IBD-related microbial-epithelial cross-talk, and the discovery of novel microbial therapies. Here, we review different organoid-based ex vivo models that are currently available, and benchmark their suitability and limitations for specific research questions. Organoid applications, such as patient-derived organoid biobanks for microbial screening and ’omics technologies, are discussed, highlighting their potential to gain better mechanistic insights into disease mechanisms and eventually allow personalised medicine.
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spelling pubmed-82566332021-07-06 Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD Poletti, Martina Arnauts, Kaline Ferrante, Marc Korcsmaros, Tamas J Crohns Colitis Review Articles The gut microbiota appears to play a central role in health, and alterations in the gut microbiota are observed in both forms of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Yet, the mechanisms behind host-microbiota interactions in IBD, especially at the intestinal epithelial cell level, are not yet fully understood. Dissecting the role of host-microbiota interactions in disease onset and progression is pivotal, and requires representative models mimicking the gastrointestinal ecosystem, including the intestinal epithelium, the gut microbiota, and immune cells. New advancements in organoid microfluidics technology are facilitating the study of IBD-related microbial-epithelial cross-talk, and the discovery of novel microbial therapies. Here, we review different organoid-based ex vivo models that are currently available, and benchmark their suitability and limitations for specific research questions. Organoid applications, such as patient-derived organoid biobanks for microbial screening and ’omics technologies, are discussed, highlighting their potential to gain better mechanistic insights into disease mechanisms and eventually allow personalised medicine. Oxford University Press 2020-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8256633/ /pubmed/33341879 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa257 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Poletti, Martina
Arnauts, Kaline
Ferrante, Marc
Korcsmaros, Tamas
Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title_full Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title_fullStr Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title_full_unstemmed Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title_short Organoid-based Models to Study the Role of Host-microbiota Interactions in IBD
title_sort organoid-based models to study the role of host-microbiota interactions in ibd
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8256633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33341879
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa257
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