Cargando…

Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals

Domestic animals represent important resources for understanding shared mechanisms underlying complex natural diseases that arise due to both genetic and environmental factors. Intestinal inflammation, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a significant health challenge in humans and dom...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hashimoto-Hill, Seika, Alenghat, Theresa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8257562/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.649599
_version_ 1783718338344517632
author Hashimoto-Hill, Seika
Alenghat, Theresa
author_facet Hashimoto-Hill, Seika
Alenghat, Theresa
author_sort Hashimoto-Hill, Seika
collection PubMed
description Domestic animals represent important resources for understanding shared mechanisms underlying complex natural diseases that arise due to both genetic and environmental factors. Intestinal inflammation, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a significant health challenge in humans and domestic animals. While the etiology of IBD is multifactorial, imbalance of symbiotic gut microbiota has been hypothesized to play a central role in disease pathophysiology. Advances in genomic sequencing and analytical pipelines have enabled researchers to decipher the composition of the intestinal microbiota during health and in the context of naturally occurring diseases. This review compiles microbiome genomic data across domestic species and highlights a common occurrence of gut microbiome dysbiosis during idiopathic intestinal inflammation in multiple species, including dogs, cats, horses, cows, and pigs. Current microbiome data obtained from animals with intestinal inflammation are mostly limited to taxonomical analyses in association with broad clinical phenotype. In general, a pathogen or pathosymbiont were not detected. Rather, functional potential of the altered microbiota has been suggested to be one of the key etiologic factors. Among the domestic species studied, canine analyses are currently the most advanced with incorporation of functional profiling of microbiota. Canine IBD parallels features of the disease in humans, thus canines represent a strong natural model for human IBD. While deeper analyses of metagenomic data, coupled with host molecular analyses are needed, comparative studies across domestic species can reveal shared microbial alterations and regulatory mechanisms that will improve our understanding of intestinal inflammation in both animals and humans.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8257562
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-82575622021-07-07 Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals Hashimoto-Hill, Seika Alenghat, Theresa Front Genet Genetics Domestic animals represent important resources for understanding shared mechanisms underlying complex natural diseases that arise due to both genetic and environmental factors. Intestinal inflammation, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a significant health challenge in humans and domestic animals. While the etiology of IBD is multifactorial, imbalance of symbiotic gut microbiota has been hypothesized to play a central role in disease pathophysiology. Advances in genomic sequencing and analytical pipelines have enabled researchers to decipher the composition of the intestinal microbiota during health and in the context of naturally occurring diseases. This review compiles microbiome genomic data across domestic species and highlights a common occurrence of gut microbiome dysbiosis during idiopathic intestinal inflammation in multiple species, including dogs, cats, horses, cows, and pigs. Current microbiome data obtained from animals with intestinal inflammation are mostly limited to taxonomical analyses in association with broad clinical phenotype. In general, a pathogen or pathosymbiont were not detected. Rather, functional potential of the altered microbiota has been suggested to be one of the key etiologic factors. Among the domestic species studied, canine analyses are currently the most advanced with incorporation of functional profiling of microbiota. Canine IBD parallels features of the disease in humans, thus canines represent a strong natural model for human IBD. While deeper analyses of metagenomic data, coupled with host molecular analyses are needed, comparative studies across domestic species can reveal shared microbial alterations and regulatory mechanisms that will improve our understanding of intestinal inflammation in both animals and humans. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8257562/ /pubmed/34239536 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.649599 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hashimoto-Hill and Alenghat. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Hashimoto-Hill, Seika
Alenghat, Theresa
Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title_full Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title_fullStr Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title_full_unstemmed Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title_short Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals
title_sort inflammation-associated microbiota composition across domestic animals
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8257562/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.649599
work_keys_str_mv AT hashimotohillseika inflammationassociatedmicrobiotacompositionacrossdomesticanimals
AT alenghattheresa inflammationassociatedmicrobiotacompositionacrossdomesticanimals