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Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs

There is little or even no data in the global literature on the distribution of different species of Trichinella in the individual parts of the diaphragms and tongues in infected pigs. This is of particular importance from the food safety point of view and for the conduct of routine testing of pig c...

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Autores principales: Gondek, Michał, Knysz, Przemysław, Pyz-Łukasik, Renata, Łukomska, Anna, Kuriga, Anna, Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258146/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.696284
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author Gondek, Michał
Knysz, Przemysław
Pyz-Łukasik, Renata
Łukomska, Anna
Kuriga, Anna
Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
author_facet Gondek, Michał
Knysz, Przemysław
Pyz-Łukasik, Renata
Łukomska, Anna
Kuriga, Anna
Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
author_sort Gondek, Michał
collection PubMed
description There is little or even no data in the global literature on the distribution of different species of Trichinella in the individual parts of the diaphragms and tongues in infected pigs. This is of particular importance from the food safety point of view and for the conduct of routine testing of pig carcasses for Trichinella as well as epidemiological surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Trichinella britovi (T. britovi), and Trichinella pseudospiralis (T. pseudospiralis) ML in various parts of the diaphragm (the pillars, costal, and sternal part) and the distribution of encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi) in various parts of the tongues (the tip, body, and root) of experimentally infected pigs. The diaphragm pillars were the most heavily parasitized part of the diaphragm both in groups of pigs infected with particular species of Trichinella and in groups of pigs presenting different levels of infection; however, statistical differences were observed only in the group of pigs with moderate (21–35 larvae per gram-lpg) or moderately high (35–55 lpg) intensity of Trichinella spp. infection in the entire diaphragm. In all groups of pigs, regardless of the infecting Trichinella species or infection level, larvae showed a homogeneous distribution on both sides of the diaphragm and excluding those of T. pseudospiralis, also in all three parts of the tongue. Histological examination showed features of a differential inflammatory response around larvae of the different Trichinella species. This study confirmed that for mandatory examination of pig carcasses using a pooled-sample digestion assay in which each pig is intended to be represented by a 1 gram sample taken from the diaphragm pillars, if that tissue is not available, the mass of the sample taken from the remaining diaphragm parts (costal or sternal) should be at least double that from the pillars. Histological findings confirmed that the inflammatory pattern of pig muscles varies depending on the Trichinella species triggering the infection and is less intense in the case of infections with T. pseudospiralis than in infections with encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi).
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spelling pubmed-82581462021-07-07 Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs Gondek, Michał Knysz, Przemysław Pyz-Łukasik, Renata Łukomska, Anna Kuriga, Anna Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science There is little or even no data in the global literature on the distribution of different species of Trichinella in the individual parts of the diaphragms and tongues in infected pigs. This is of particular importance from the food safety point of view and for the conduct of routine testing of pig carcasses for Trichinella as well as epidemiological surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Trichinella britovi (T. britovi), and Trichinella pseudospiralis (T. pseudospiralis) ML in various parts of the diaphragm (the pillars, costal, and sternal part) and the distribution of encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi) in various parts of the tongues (the tip, body, and root) of experimentally infected pigs. The diaphragm pillars were the most heavily parasitized part of the diaphragm both in groups of pigs infected with particular species of Trichinella and in groups of pigs presenting different levels of infection; however, statistical differences were observed only in the group of pigs with moderate (21–35 larvae per gram-lpg) or moderately high (35–55 lpg) intensity of Trichinella spp. infection in the entire diaphragm. In all groups of pigs, regardless of the infecting Trichinella species or infection level, larvae showed a homogeneous distribution on both sides of the diaphragm and excluding those of T. pseudospiralis, also in all three parts of the tongue. Histological examination showed features of a differential inflammatory response around larvae of the different Trichinella species. This study confirmed that for mandatory examination of pig carcasses using a pooled-sample digestion assay in which each pig is intended to be represented by a 1 gram sample taken from the diaphragm pillars, if that tissue is not available, the mass of the sample taken from the remaining diaphragm parts (costal or sternal) should be at least double that from the pillars. Histological findings confirmed that the inflammatory pattern of pig muscles varies depending on the Trichinella species triggering the infection and is less intense in the case of infections with T. pseudospiralis than in infections with encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi). Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8258146/ /pubmed/34239917 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.696284 Text en Copyright © 2021 Gondek, Knysz, Pyz-Łukasik, Łukomska, Kuriga and Pomorska-Mól. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Gondek, Michał
Knysz, Przemysław
Pyz-Łukasik, Renata
Łukomska, Anna
Kuriga, Anna
Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title_full Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title_fullStr Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title_full_unstemmed Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title_short Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs
title_sort distribution of trichinella spiralis, trichinella britovi, and trichinella pseudospiralis in the diaphragms and t. spiralis and t. britovi in the tongues of experimentally infected pigs
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258146/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.696284
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