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Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals

Purpose: Observational studies have suggested a protective effect of alcohol intake with autoimmune disorders, which was not supported by Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses that used only a few (<20) instrumental variables. Methods: We systemically interrogated a putative causal relationship b...

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Autores principales: Jiang, Xia, Zhu, Zhaozhong, Manouchehrinia, Ali, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, Kockum, Ingrid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239545
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.687745
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author Jiang, Xia
Zhu, Zhaozhong
Manouchehrinia, Ali
Olsson, Tomas
Alfredsson, Lars
Kockum, Ingrid
author_facet Jiang, Xia
Zhu, Zhaozhong
Manouchehrinia, Ali
Olsson, Tomas
Alfredsson, Lars
Kockum, Ingrid
author_sort Jiang, Xia
collection PubMed
description Purpose: Observational studies have suggested a protective effect of alcohol intake with autoimmune disorders, which was not supported by Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses that used only a few (<20) instrumental variables. Methods: We systemically interrogated a putative causal relationship between alcohol consumption and four common autoimmune disorders, using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We quantified the genetic correlation to examine a shared genetic similarity. We constructed a strong instrument using 99 genetic variants associated with drinks per week and applied several two-sample MR methods. We additionally incorporated excessive drinking as reflected by alcohol use disorder identification test score. Results: We observed a negatively shared genetic basis between alcohol intake and autoimmune disorders, although none was significant (r(g) = −0.07 to −0.02). For most disorders, genetically predicted alcohol consumption was associated with a slightly (10–25%) decreased risk of onset, yet these associations were not significant. Meta-analyzing across RA, MS, and IBD, the three Th1-related disorders yielded to a marginally significantly reduced effect [OR = 0.70 (0.51–0.95), P = 0.02]. Excessive drinking did not appear to reduce the risk of autoimmune disorders. Conclusions: With its greatly augmented sample size and substantially improved statistical power, our MR study does not convincingly support a beneficial role of alcohol consumption in each individual autoimmune disorder. Future studies may be designed to replicate our findings and to understand a causal effect on disease prognosis.
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spelling pubmed-82582442021-07-07 Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals Jiang, Xia Zhu, Zhaozhong Manouchehrinia, Ali Olsson, Tomas Alfredsson, Lars Kockum, Ingrid Front Genet Genetics Purpose: Observational studies have suggested a protective effect of alcohol intake with autoimmune disorders, which was not supported by Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses that used only a few (<20) instrumental variables. Methods: We systemically interrogated a putative causal relationship between alcohol consumption and four common autoimmune disorders, using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We quantified the genetic correlation to examine a shared genetic similarity. We constructed a strong instrument using 99 genetic variants associated with drinks per week and applied several two-sample MR methods. We additionally incorporated excessive drinking as reflected by alcohol use disorder identification test score. Results: We observed a negatively shared genetic basis between alcohol intake and autoimmune disorders, although none was significant (r(g) = −0.07 to −0.02). For most disorders, genetically predicted alcohol consumption was associated with a slightly (10–25%) decreased risk of onset, yet these associations were not significant. Meta-analyzing across RA, MS, and IBD, the three Th1-related disorders yielded to a marginally significantly reduced effect [OR = 0.70 (0.51–0.95), P = 0.02]. Excessive drinking did not appear to reduce the risk of autoimmune disorders. Conclusions: With its greatly augmented sample size and substantially improved statistical power, our MR study does not convincingly support a beneficial role of alcohol consumption in each individual autoimmune disorder. Future studies may be designed to replicate our findings and to understand a causal effect on disease prognosis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8258244/ /pubmed/34239545 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.687745 Text en Copyright © 2021 Jiang, Zhu, Manouchehrinia, Olsson, Alfredsson and Kockum. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Jiang, Xia
Zhu, Zhaozhong
Manouchehrinia, Ali
Olsson, Tomas
Alfredsson, Lars
Kockum, Ingrid
Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title_full Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title_fullStr Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title_short Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Common Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases—Evidence From a Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Totaling 1 Million Individuals
title_sort alcohol consumption and risk of common autoimmune inflammatory diseases—evidence from a large-scale genetic analysis totaling 1 million individuals
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34239545
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.687745
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