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Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study
OBJECTIVES: This study examines the length of time between when a patent application is filed in Canada for a new drug and when it is available for patients (time to market) and various components of that time. It also looks at whether various factors explain the time between patent application to N...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258566/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34226224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047557 |
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author | Lexchin, Joel |
author_facet | Lexchin, Joel |
author_sort | Lexchin, Joel |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: This study examines the length of time between when a patent application is filed in Canada for a new drug and when it is available for patients (time to market) and various components of that time. It also looks at whether various factors explain the time between patent application to New Drug Submission (NDS) and compares Canadian and American times. Drugs approved between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018 are examined. DESIGN: Descriptive study. DATA SOURCES: Websites from Health Canada, Food and Drug Administration, Merck Index, United States Patent and Trademark Office, WHO and previously published articles. INTERVENTIONS: None. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: The primary outcomes are time to market, time from patent application to NDS (pre-NDS time), review time, time from approval to availability (postapproval time) and factors that may influence the pre-NDS time. The secondary outcome is a comparison of Canadian and American review times and times between patent application and approval. RESULTS: There were 113 drugs available for analysis. The median time to market was 11.80 years (IQR 9.40–14.05). The component median times were pre-NDS 10 years (IQR 8.05–12.80), review time 0.96 years (IQR 0.75–1.15) and postapproval time 0.15 years (IQR 0.08–0.28). Less than 8% of the pre-NDS time was explained by the factors that were analysed in a multiple linear regression equation. There was no statistically significant difference between Canadian and American pre-NDS times. CONCLUSION: Once a drug reaches the market, companies have a median of 8.2 years before the patent expires and generics can reach the market. Most of the time between the filing of a patent application and when a drug is marketed is determined by decisions that are largely under the control of the company. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8258566 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82585662021-07-23 Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study Lexchin, Joel BMJ Open Health Policy OBJECTIVES: This study examines the length of time between when a patent application is filed in Canada for a new drug and when it is available for patients (time to market) and various components of that time. It also looks at whether various factors explain the time between patent application to New Drug Submission (NDS) and compares Canadian and American times. Drugs approved between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018 are examined. DESIGN: Descriptive study. DATA SOURCES: Websites from Health Canada, Food and Drug Administration, Merck Index, United States Patent and Trademark Office, WHO and previously published articles. INTERVENTIONS: None. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: The primary outcomes are time to market, time from patent application to NDS (pre-NDS time), review time, time from approval to availability (postapproval time) and factors that may influence the pre-NDS time. The secondary outcome is a comparison of Canadian and American review times and times between patent application and approval. RESULTS: There were 113 drugs available for analysis. The median time to market was 11.80 years (IQR 9.40–14.05). The component median times were pre-NDS 10 years (IQR 8.05–12.80), review time 0.96 years (IQR 0.75–1.15) and postapproval time 0.15 years (IQR 0.08–0.28). Less than 8% of the pre-NDS time was explained by the factors that were analysed in a multiple linear regression equation. There was no statistically significant difference between Canadian and American pre-NDS times. CONCLUSION: Once a drug reaches the market, companies have a median of 8.2 years before the patent expires and generics can reach the market. Most of the time between the filing of a patent application and when a drug is marketed is determined by decisions that are largely under the control of the company. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8258566/ /pubmed/34226224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047557 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Health Policy Lexchin, Joel Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title | Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title_full | Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title_fullStr | Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title_full_unstemmed | Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title_short | Time to market for drugs approved in Canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
title_sort | time to market for drugs approved in canada between 2014 and 2018: an observational study |
topic | Health Policy |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8258566/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34226224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047557 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lexchinjoel timetomarketfordrugsapprovedincanadabetween2014and2018anobservationalstudy |