A rare presentation of endogenous human chorionic gonadotrophin associated severe ovarian hyperstimulation in the second trimester: a case report

BACKGROUND: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is usually an iatrogenic and potentially life-threatening disease. It develops following ovulation induction and use of in vitro fertilization techniques. CASE SUMMARY: A 32-year-old primigravida Ethiopian woman presented at 15 weeks gestation with a history of progressive bilateral leg swelling and abdominal pain of 2 weeks duration. She had triplet pregnancy and conceived through in vitro fertilization. She was managed in intensive care unit. CONCLUSION: Patients with multiple pregnancy following in vitro fertilization conception can have ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as late as 15 weeks gestation. Hence, frequent follow-up should be continued to detect early signs of OHSS to avoid further complications and need of intensive care unit care.