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Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling
Today, engineered nanomaterials are frequently used. Nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) has been extensively used for many years and graphene is one type of emerging nanomaterial. Occupational airborne exposures to engineered nanomaterials are important to ensure safe workplaces and to extend the i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group US
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8263341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32546827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0241-3 |
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author | Lovén, Karin Franzén, Sara M. Isaxon, Christina Messing, Maria E. Martinsson, Johan Gudmundsson, Anders Pagels, Joakim Hedmer, Maria |
author_facet | Lovén, Karin Franzén, Sara M. Isaxon, Christina Messing, Maria E. Martinsson, Johan Gudmundsson, Anders Pagels, Joakim Hedmer, Maria |
author_sort | Lovén, Karin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Today, engineered nanomaterials are frequently used. Nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) has been extensively used for many years and graphene is one type of emerging nanomaterial. Occupational airborne exposures to engineered nanomaterials are important to ensure safe workplaces and to extend the information needed for complete risk assessments. The main aim of this study was to characterize workplace emissions and exposure of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, TiO(2) nanofibers (NFs) and nanoparticles (NPs) during down-stream industrial handling. Surface contaminations were also investigated to assess the potential for secondary inhalation exposures. In addition, a range of different sampling and aerosol monitoring methods were used and evaluated. The results showed that powder handling, regardless of handling graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, TiO(2) NFs, or NPs, contributes to the highest particle emissions and exposures. However, the exposure levels were below suggested occupational exposure limits. It was also shown that a range of different methods can be used to selectively detect and quantify nanomaterials both in the air and as surface contaminations. However, to be able to make an accurate determination of which nanomaterial that has been emitted a combination of different methods, both offline and online, must be used. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8263341 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82633412021-07-23 Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling Lovén, Karin Franzén, Sara M. Isaxon, Christina Messing, Maria E. Martinsson, Johan Gudmundsson, Anders Pagels, Joakim Hedmer, Maria J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol Article Today, engineered nanomaterials are frequently used. Nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) has been extensively used for many years and graphene is one type of emerging nanomaterial. Occupational airborne exposures to engineered nanomaterials are important to ensure safe workplaces and to extend the information needed for complete risk assessments. The main aim of this study was to characterize workplace emissions and exposure of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, TiO(2) nanofibers (NFs) and nanoparticles (NPs) during down-stream industrial handling. Surface contaminations were also investigated to assess the potential for secondary inhalation exposures. In addition, a range of different sampling and aerosol monitoring methods were used and evaluated. The results showed that powder handling, regardless of handling graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, TiO(2) NFs, or NPs, contributes to the highest particle emissions and exposures. However, the exposure levels were below suggested occupational exposure limits. It was also shown that a range of different methods can be used to selectively detect and quantify nanomaterials both in the air and as surface contaminations. However, to be able to make an accurate determination of which nanomaterial that has been emitted a combination of different methods, both offline and online, must be used. Nature Publishing Group US 2020-06-16 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8263341/ /pubmed/32546827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0241-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Lovén, Karin Franzén, Sara M. Isaxon, Christina Messing, Maria E. Martinsson, Johan Gudmundsson, Anders Pagels, Joakim Hedmer, Maria Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title | Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title_full | Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title_fullStr | Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title_full_unstemmed | Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title_short | Emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
title_sort | emissions and exposures of graphene nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanofibers, and nanoparticles during down-stream industrial handling |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8263341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32546827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0241-3 |
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