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Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations

In the immunotherapy era, considering the prolonged survival benefit and responses observed with immunecheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) in many cancer types, the identification of patients with rapid progression (PD) and deaths upon ICI has found some skepticism and resistance among the scientific commun...

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Autores principales: Ferrara, Roberto, Signorelli, Diego, Proto, Claudia, Prelaj, Arsela, Garassino, Marina Chiara, Lo Russo, Giuseppe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AME Publishing Company 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8264338/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34295690
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-20-636
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author Ferrara, Roberto
Signorelli, Diego
Proto, Claudia
Prelaj, Arsela
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Lo Russo, Giuseppe
author_facet Ferrara, Roberto
Signorelli, Diego
Proto, Claudia
Prelaj, Arsela
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Lo Russo, Giuseppe
author_sort Ferrara, Roberto
collection PubMed
description In the immunotherapy era, considering the prolonged survival benefit and responses observed with immunecheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) in many cancer types, the identification of patients with rapid progression (PD) and deaths upon ICI has found some skepticism and resistance among the scientific community. Nevertheless, an acceleration of tumour during ICI, defined as hyperprogressive disease (HPD), has been recognized across different cancer types and evidence regarding rapid PDs and deaths are emerging in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and thymic malignancies and in uncommon non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) populations. Of note, PD and early deaths (ED) rates upon single agent ICI were up to 60% and 30% in MPM and 70% and 38% in SCLC patients, respectively. Similarly, rapid PDs and deaths were observed in clinical trials and retrospective studies including patients with poor performance status (PS), HIV infection and rare NSCLC histologies. Atypical patterns of response, such as pseudoprogression (PsPD) may also occur in other thoracic malignancies (MPM) and in some uncommon populations (i.e., HIV patients), however probably at lower rate compared to HPD. The characterizations of HPD and PsPD mechanisms and the identification of common definition criteria are the next future challenges in this area of cancer research.
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spelling pubmed-82643382021-07-21 Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations Ferrara, Roberto Signorelli, Diego Proto, Claudia Prelaj, Arsela Garassino, Marina Chiara Lo Russo, Giuseppe Transl Lung Cancer Res Review Article on Immunotherapy in Other Thoracic Malignancies and Uncommon Populations In the immunotherapy era, considering the prolonged survival benefit and responses observed with immunecheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) in many cancer types, the identification of patients with rapid progression (PD) and deaths upon ICI has found some skepticism and resistance among the scientific community. Nevertheless, an acceleration of tumour during ICI, defined as hyperprogressive disease (HPD), has been recognized across different cancer types and evidence regarding rapid PDs and deaths are emerging in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and thymic malignancies and in uncommon non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) populations. Of note, PD and early deaths (ED) rates upon single agent ICI were up to 60% and 30% in MPM and 70% and 38% in SCLC patients, respectively. Similarly, rapid PDs and deaths were observed in clinical trials and retrospective studies including patients with poor performance status (PS), HIV infection and rare NSCLC histologies. Atypical patterns of response, such as pseudoprogression (PsPD) may also occur in other thoracic malignancies (MPM) and in some uncommon populations (i.e., HIV patients), however probably at lower rate compared to HPD. The characterizations of HPD and PsPD mechanisms and the identification of common definition criteria are the next future challenges in this area of cancer research. AME Publishing Company 2021-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8264338/ /pubmed/34295690 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-20-636 Text en 2021 Translational Lung Cancer Research. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article on Immunotherapy in Other Thoracic Malignancies and Uncommon Populations
Ferrara, Roberto
Signorelli, Diego
Proto, Claudia
Prelaj, Arsela
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Lo Russo, Giuseppe
Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title_full Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title_fullStr Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title_full_unstemmed Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title_short Novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
title_sort novel patterns of progression upon immunotherapy in other thoracic malignancies and uncommon populations
topic Review Article on Immunotherapy in Other Thoracic Malignancies and Uncommon Populations
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8264338/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34295690
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-20-636
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