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RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain

The regulator of G-protein signaling 14 (RGS14) is a multifunctional signaling protein that regulates post synaptic plasticity in neurons. RGS14 is expressed in the brain regions essential for learning, memory, emotion, and stimulus-induced behaviors, including the basal ganglia, limbic system, and...

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Autores principales: Harbin, Nicholas H., Bramlett, Sara N., Montanez-Miranda, Carolina, Terzioglu, Gizem, Hepler, John R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268017/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201943
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136823
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author Harbin, Nicholas H.
Bramlett, Sara N.
Montanez-Miranda, Carolina
Terzioglu, Gizem
Hepler, John R.
author_facet Harbin, Nicholas H.
Bramlett, Sara N.
Montanez-Miranda, Carolina
Terzioglu, Gizem
Hepler, John R.
author_sort Harbin, Nicholas H.
collection PubMed
description The regulator of G-protein signaling 14 (RGS14) is a multifunctional signaling protein that regulates post synaptic plasticity in neurons. RGS14 is expressed in the brain regions essential for learning, memory, emotion, and stimulus-induced behaviors, including the basal ganglia, limbic system, and cortex. Behaviorally, RGS14 regulates spatial and object memory, female-specific responses to cued fear conditioning, and environmental- and psychostimulant-induced locomotion. At the cellular level, RGS14 acts as a scaffolding protein that integrates G protein, Ras/ERK, and calcium/calmodulin signaling pathways essential for spine plasticity and cell signaling, allowing RGS14 to naturally suppress long-term potentiation (LTP) and structural plasticity in hippocampal area CA2 pyramidal cells. Recent proteomics findings indicate that RGS14 also engages the actomyosin system in the brain, perhaps to impact spine morphogenesis. Of note, RGS14 is also a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein, where its role in the nucleus remains uncertain. Balanced nuclear import/export and dendritic spine localization are likely essential for RGS14 neuronal functions as a regulator of synaptic plasticity. Supporting this idea, human genetic variants disrupting RGS14 localization also disrupt RGS14’s effects on plasticity. This review will focus on the known and unexplored roles of RGS14 in cell signaling, physiology, disease and behavior.
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spelling pubmed-82680172021-07-10 RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain Harbin, Nicholas H. Bramlett, Sara N. Montanez-Miranda, Carolina Terzioglu, Gizem Hepler, John R. Int J Mol Sci Review The regulator of G-protein signaling 14 (RGS14) is a multifunctional signaling protein that regulates post synaptic plasticity in neurons. RGS14 is expressed in the brain regions essential for learning, memory, emotion, and stimulus-induced behaviors, including the basal ganglia, limbic system, and cortex. Behaviorally, RGS14 regulates spatial and object memory, female-specific responses to cued fear conditioning, and environmental- and psychostimulant-induced locomotion. At the cellular level, RGS14 acts as a scaffolding protein that integrates G protein, Ras/ERK, and calcium/calmodulin signaling pathways essential for spine plasticity and cell signaling, allowing RGS14 to naturally suppress long-term potentiation (LTP) and structural plasticity in hippocampal area CA2 pyramidal cells. Recent proteomics findings indicate that RGS14 also engages the actomyosin system in the brain, perhaps to impact spine morphogenesis. Of note, RGS14 is also a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein, where its role in the nucleus remains uncertain. Balanced nuclear import/export and dendritic spine localization are likely essential for RGS14 neuronal functions as a regulator of synaptic plasticity. Supporting this idea, human genetic variants disrupting RGS14 localization also disrupt RGS14’s effects on plasticity. This review will focus on the known and unexplored roles of RGS14 in cell signaling, physiology, disease and behavior. MDPI 2021-06-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8268017/ /pubmed/34201943 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136823 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Harbin, Nicholas H.
Bramlett, Sara N.
Montanez-Miranda, Carolina
Terzioglu, Gizem
Hepler, John R.
RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title_full RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title_fullStr RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title_full_unstemmed RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title_short RGS14 Regulation of Post-Synaptic Signaling and Spine Plasticity in Brain
title_sort rgs14 regulation of post-synaptic signaling and spine plasticity in brain
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268017/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201943
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136823
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