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Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses
BACKGROUND: Literature in the West suggested that bisexual men have a higher smoking rate compared to gay men. Data on patterns of smoking among gay and bisexual men are limited in Eastern Asian countries like China. This study examined the cigarette smoking prevalence for gay versus bisexual men in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34243745 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10888-5 |
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author | Li, Jingjing Huang, Danqin Windle, Michael Escoffery, Cam Wang, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Tao, Kevin Haardörfer, Regine Li, Shiyue Berg, Carla J. Yan, Hong |
author_facet | Li, Jingjing Huang, Danqin Windle, Michael Escoffery, Cam Wang, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Tao, Kevin Haardörfer, Regine Li, Shiyue Berg, Carla J. Yan, Hong |
author_sort | Li, Jingjing |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Literature in the West suggested that bisexual men have a higher smoking rate compared to gay men. Data on patterns of smoking among gay and bisexual men are limited in Eastern Asian countries like China. This study examined the cigarette smoking prevalence for gay versus bisexual men in China and their unique minority stress - smoking pathways. METHODS: Between September 2017 and November 2018, we surveyed a convenience sample of 538 gay men and 138 bisexual men recruited from local sexual minority organizations in four metropolitan cities in China (i.e., Beijing, Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha). Measures included sexual orientation, sociodemographics, theory-based minority stressors, depressive symptoms, and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Two-group (gay men vs. bisexual men) structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test possible distinct mechanisms between theory-based stressors, depressive symptoms, and cigarette smoking among gay men and bisexual men, respectively. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 26.51 (SD = 8.41) years old and 76.3% of them had at least a college degree. Bisexual men reported a higher rate of cigarette smoking compared to gay men (39.9% vs. 27.3%). Two-group SEM indicated that the pathways for cigarette smoking were not different between gay and bisexual men. Higher rejection anticipation was associated with greater depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.32, p < .001), and depressive symptoms were not associated with cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Minority stress, specifically rejection anticipation, may be critical considerations in addressing depressive symptoms, but not smoking, among both gay and bisexual men in China. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10888-5. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8268265 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82682652021-07-09 Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses Li, Jingjing Huang, Danqin Windle, Michael Escoffery, Cam Wang, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Tao, Kevin Haardörfer, Regine Li, Shiyue Berg, Carla J. Yan, Hong BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Literature in the West suggested that bisexual men have a higher smoking rate compared to gay men. Data on patterns of smoking among gay and bisexual men are limited in Eastern Asian countries like China. This study examined the cigarette smoking prevalence for gay versus bisexual men in China and their unique minority stress - smoking pathways. METHODS: Between September 2017 and November 2018, we surveyed a convenience sample of 538 gay men and 138 bisexual men recruited from local sexual minority organizations in four metropolitan cities in China (i.e., Beijing, Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha). Measures included sexual orientation, sociodemographics, theory-based minority stressors, depressive symptoms, and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Two-group (gay men vs. bisexual men) structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test possible distinct mechanisms between theory-based stressors, depressive symptoms, and cigarette smoking among gay men and bisexual men, respectively. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 26.51 (SD = 8.41) years old and 76.3% of them had at least a college degree. Bisexual men reported a higher rate of cigarette smoking compared to gay men (39.9% vs. 27.3%). Two-group SEM indicated that the pathways for cigarette smoking were not different between gay and bisexual men. Higher rejection anticipation was associated with greater depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.32, p < .001), and depressive symptoms were not associated with cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Minority stress, specifically rejection anticipation, may be critical considerations in addressing depressive symptoms, but not smoking, among both gay and bisexual men in China. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10888-5. BioMed Central 2021-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8268265/ /pubmed/34243745 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10888-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Li, Jingjing Huang, Danqin Windle, Michael Escoffery, Cam Wang, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Tao, Kevin Haardörfer, Regine Li, Shiyue Berg, Carla J. Yan, Hong Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title | Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title_full | Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title_fullStr | Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title_full_unstemmed | Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title_short | Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
title_sort | minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among chinese gay versus bisexual men: a two-group structural equation model analyses |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34243745 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10888-5 |
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