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The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Nitrate supplementation is thought to improve performance in endurance sports. OBJECTIVE: To meta-analyze studies evaluating the effect of nitrate supplementation on endurance sports performance among adults. DATA SOURCES: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (C...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34243756 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00450-4 |
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author | Gao, Chloe Gupta, Saurabh Adli, Taranah Hou, Winston Coolsaet, Reid Hayes, Abigail Kim, Kevin Pandey, Arjun Gordon, Jacob Chahil, Gurneet Belley-Cote, Emilie P. Whitlock, Richard P. |
author_facet | Gao, Chloe Gupta, Saurabh Adli, Taranah Hou, Winston Coolsaet, Reid Hayes, Abigail Kim, Kevin Pandey, Arjun Gordon, Jacob Chahil, Gurneet Belley-Cote, Emilie P. Whitlock, Richard P. |
author_sort | Gao, Chloe |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Nitrate supplementation is thought to improve performance in endurance sports. OBJECTIVE: To meta-analyze studies evaluating the effect of nitrate supplementation on endurance sports performance among adults. DATA SOURCES: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL without language restrictions. METHODS: We included studies that: 1) compared nitrate supplementation with placebo; 2) enrolled adults engaging in an endurance-based activity; and 3) reported a performance measure or surrogate physiologic outcome. We evaluated risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and pooled data with a random-effects model. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to evaluate confidence in estimates. RESULTS: We included 73 studies (n = 1061). Nitrate supplementation improved power output (MD 4.6 watts, P < 0.0001), time to exhaustion (MD 25.3 s, P < 0.00001), and distance travelled (MD 163.7 m, P = 0.03). We found no significant difference on perceived exertion, time trial performance and work done. Nitrate supplementation decreased VO(2) (MD − 0.04 L/min, P < 0.00001) but had no significant effect on VO(2max) or blood lactate levels. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that dietary nitrate supplementation benefits performance-related outcomes for endurance sports. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12970-021-00450-4. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8268374 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82683742021-07-09 The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis Gao, Chloe Gupta, Saurabh Adli, Taranah Hou, Winston Coolsaet, Reid Hayes, Abigail Kim, Kevin Pandey, Arjun Gordon, Jacob Chahil, Gurneet Belley-Cote, Emilie P. Whitlock, Richard P. J Int Soc Sports Nutr Research Article BACKGROUND: Nitrate supplementation is thought to improve performance in endurance sports. OBJECTIVE: To meta-analyze studies evaluating the effect of nitrate supplementation on endurance sports performance among adults. DATA SOURCES: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL without language restrictions. METHODS: We included studies that: 1) compared nitrate supplementation with placebo; 2) enrolled adults engaging in an endurance-based activity; and 3) reported a performance measure or surrogate physiologic outcome. We evaluated risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and pooled data with a random-effects model. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to evaluate confidence in estimates. RESULTS: We included 73 studies (n = 1061). Nitrate supplementation improved power output (MD 4.6 watts, P < 0.0001), time to exhaustion (MD 25.3 s, P < 0.00001), and distance travelled (MD 163.7 m, P = 0.03). We found no significant difference on perceived exertion, time trial performance and work done. Nitrate supplementation decreased VO(2) (MD − 0.04 L/min, P < 0.00001) but had no significant effect on VO(2max) or blood lactate levels. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that dietary nitrate supplementation benefits performance-related outcomes for endurance sports. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12970-021-00450-4. BioMed Central 2021-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8268374/ /pubmed/34243756 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00450-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gao, Chloe Gupta, Saurabh Adli, Taranah Hou, Winston Coolsaet, Reid Hayes, Abigail Kim, Kevin Pandey, Arjun Gordon, Jacob Chahil, Gurneet Belley-Cote, Emilie P. Whitlock, Richard P. The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title | The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full | The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr | The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short | The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort | effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34243756 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00450-4 |
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