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Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour

BACKGROUND: University students are at a greater risk of gaining weight compared to others. We explored associations between changes in weight and a set of dispositional constructs related to eating behaviour: motivation, impulsivity, social comparison, and eating styles. We predicted that increases...

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Autores principales: Foscarini-Craggs, Paula, Lowe, Rob, Lee, Michelle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268531/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34238269
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11402-7
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author Foscarini-Craggs, Paula
Lowe, Rob
Lee, Michelle
author_facet Foscarini-Craggs, Paula
Lowe, Rob
Lee, Michelle
author_sort Foscarini-Craggs, Paula
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: University students are at a greater risk of gaining weight compared to others. We explored associations between changes in weight and a set of dispositional constructs related to eating behaviour: motivation, impulsivity, social comparison, and eating styles. We predicted that increases in controlled motivation, impulsivity, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and physical appearance comparison would be related to increased weight and body fat. METHODS: First year students at a British university completed baseline (n = 196) and three-month (n = 163) measures of impulsivity, physical appearance comparison, motivation for following a healthy diet, eating styles, weight and body fat. Baseline-follow-up changes in these constructs were computed and subjected to cluster analysis. RESULTS: Four participant groups were identified according to similarities in the way these constructs evolved over time. The Losing and Gaining groups tended to show opposing changes in key variables (physical appearance comparison, uncontrolled eating, motivation, weight, and percentage of body fat). Interestingly, two groups showed no change in weight and body fat but evidenced unique changes in key variables, indicating that individuals can have different psychological profiles but still maintain their weight. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlighted how stable weight maintenance arises from sets of interdependent constructs rather than variables in isolation, as well as emphasizing a need to take a person-centred approach to examining those at risk of weight gain and in developing interventions.
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spelling pubmed-82685312021-07-09 Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour Foscarini-Craggs, Paula Lowe, Rob Lee, Michelle BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: University students are at a greater risk of gaining weight compared to others. We explored associations between changes in weight and a set of dispositional constructs related to eating behaviour: motivation, impulsivity, social comparison, and eating styles. We predicted that increases in controlled motivation, impulsivity, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and physical appearance comparison would be related to increased weight and body fat. METHODS: First year students at a British university completed baseline (n = 196) and three-month (n = 163) measures of impulsivity, physical appearance comparison, motivation for following a healthy diet, eating styles, weight and body fat. Baseline-follow-up changes in these constructs were computed and subjected to cluster analysis. RESULTS: Four participant groups were identified according to similarities in the way these constructs evolved over time. The Losing and Gaining groups tended to show opposing changes in key variables (physical appearance comparison, uncontrolled eating, motivation, weight, and percentage of body fat). Interestingly, two groups showed no change in weight and body fat but evidenced unique changes in key variables, indicating that individuals can have different psychological profiles but still maintain their weight. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlighted how stable weight maintenance arises from sets of interdependent constructs rather than variables in isolation, as well as emphasizing a need to take a person-centred approach to examining those at risk of weight gain and in developing interventions. BioMed Central 2021-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8268531/ /pubmed/34238269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11402-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Foscarini-Craggs, Paula
Lowe, Rob
Lee, Michelle
Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title_full Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title_fullStr Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title_full_unstemmed Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title_short Changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
title_sort changes over time in the relationship between weight, body fat, motivation, impulsivity and eating behaviour
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268531/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34238269
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11402-7
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