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Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics

Photosensitizers (PSs) have received significant attention recently in cancer treatment due to its theranostic capability for imaging and phototherapy. These PSs are highly responsive to light source of a suitable wavelength for image-guided cancer therapy from generated singlet oxygen and/or therma...

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Autores principales: Dash, Banendu Sunder, Das, Suprava, Chen, Jyh-Ping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34206318
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136658
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author Dash, Banendu Sunder
Das, Suprava
Chen, Jyh-Ping
author_facet Dash, Banendu Sunder
Das, Suprava
Chen, Jyh-Ping
author_sort Dash, Banendu Sunder
collection PubMed
description Photosensitizers (PSs) have received significant attention recently in cancer treatment due to its theranostic capability for imaging and phototherapy. These PSs are highly responsive to light source of a suitable wavelength for image-guided cancer therapy from generated singlet oxygen and/or thermal heat. Various organic dye PSs show tremendous attenuation of tumor cells during cancer treatment. Among them, porphyrin and chlorophyll-based ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) dyes are employed for photodynamic therapy (PDT) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals generated with 400–700 nm laser lights, which have poor tissue penetration depth. To enhance the efficacy of PDT, other light sources such as red light laser and X-ray have been suggested; nonetheless, it is still a challenging task to improve the light penetration depth for deep tumor treatment. To overcome this deficiency, near infrared (NIR) (700–900 nm) PSs, indocyanine green (ICG), and its derivatives like IR780, IR806 and IR820, have been introduced for imaging and phototherapy. These NIR PSs have been used in various cancer treatment modality by combining photothermal therapy (PTT) and/or PDT with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. In this review, we will focus on the use of different PSs showing photothermal/photodynamic response to UV-Vis or NIR-Vis light. The emphasis is a comprehensive review of recent smart design of PS-loaded nanocomposites for targeted delivery of PSs in light-activated combination cancer therapy.
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spelling pubmed-82687032021-07-10 Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics Dash, Banendu Sunder Das, Suprava Chen, Jyh-Ping Int J Mol Sci Review Photosensitizers (PSs) have received significant attention recently in cancer treatment due to its theranostic capability for imaging and phototherapy. These PSs are highly responsive to light source of a suitable wavelength for image-guided cancer therapy from generated singlet oxygen and/or thermal heat. Various organic dye PSs show tremendous attenuation of tumor cells during cancer treatment. Among them, porphyrin and chlorophyll-based ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) dyes are employed for photodynamic therapy (PDT) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals generated with 400–700 nm laser lights, which have poor tissue penetration depth. To enhance the efficacy of PDT, other light sources such as red light laser and X-ray have been suggested; nonetheless, it is still a challenging task to improve the light penetration depth for deep tumor treatment. To overcome this deficiency, near infrared (NIR) (700–900 nm) PSs, indocyanine green (ICG), and its derivatives like IR780, IR806 and IR820, have been introduced for imaging and phototherapy. These NIR PSs have been used in various cancer treatment modality by combining photothermal therapy (PTT) and/or PDT with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. In this review, we will focus on the use of different PSs showing photothermal/photodynamic response to UV-Vis or NIR-Vis light. The emphasis is a comprehensive review of recent smart design of PS-loaded nanocomposites for targeted delivery of PSs in light-activated combination cancer therapy. MDPI 2021-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8268703/ /pubmed/34206318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136658 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Dash, Banendu Sunder
Das, Suprava
Chen, Jyh-Ping
Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title_full Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title_fullStr Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title_full_unstemmed Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title_short Photosensitizer-Functionalized Nanocomposites for Light-Activated Cancer Theranostics
title_sort photosensitizer-functionalized nanocomposites for light-activated cancer theranostics
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34206318
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136658
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