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Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen

Males have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) than females. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure increases CVD risk with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are important to vascular structure and functio...

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Autores principales: Liu, Xuanyou, Xiao, Yichao, Zhu, Qingyi, Cui, Yuqi, Hao, Hong, Wang, Meifang, Cowan, Peter J., Korthuis, Ronald J., Li, Guangfu, Sun, Qinghua, Liu, Zhenguo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268796/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34281260
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137200
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author Liu, Xuanyou
Xiao, Yichao
Zhu, Qingyi
Cui, Yuqi
Hao, Hong
Wang, Meifang
Cowan, Peter J.
Korthuis, Ronald J.
Li, Guangfu
Sun, Qinghua
Liu, Zhenguo
author_facet Liu, Xuanyou
Xiao, Yichao
Zhu, Qingyi
Cui, Yuqi
Hao, Hong
Wang, Meifang
Cowan, Peter J.
Korthuis, Ronald J.
Li, Guangfu
Sun, Qinghua
Liu, Zhenguo
author_sort Liu, Xuanyou
collection PubMed
description Males have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) than females. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure increases CVD risk with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are important to vascular structure and function and can contribute to the development of CVDs. The aims of the present study were to determine if sex differences exist in the effect of PM exposure on circulating EPCs in mice and, if so, whether oxidative stress plays a role. Male and female C57BL/6 mice (8–10 weeks old) were exposed to PM or a vehicle control for six weeks. ELISA analysis showed that PM exposure substantially increased the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in both males and females, but the concentrations were significantly higher in males. PM exposure only increased the serum levels of TNF-α in males. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that ROS production was significantly increased by PM treatment in males but not in females. Similarly, the level of circulating EPCs (CD34(+)/CD133(+) and Sca-1(+)/Flk-1(+)) was significantly decreased by PM treatment in males but not in females. Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively prevented PM exposure-induced ROS and inflammatory cytokine production and restored circulating EPC levels in male mice. In sharp contrast, circulating EPC levels remained unchanged in female mice with PM exposure, an effect that was not altered by ovariectomy. In conclusion, PM exposure selectively decreased the circulating EPC population in male mice via increased oxidative stress without a significant impact on circulating EPCs in females independent of estrogen.
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spelling pubmed-82687962021-07-10 Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen Liu, Xuanyou Xiao, Yichao Zhu, Qingyi Cui, Yuqi Hao, Hong Wang, Meifang Cowan, Peter J. Korthuis, Ronald J. Li, Guangfu Sun, Qinghua Liu, Zhenguo Int J Mol Sci Article Males have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) than females. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure increases CVD risk with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are important to vascular structure and function and can contribute to the development of CVDs. The aims of the present study were to determine if sex differences exist in the effect of PM exposure on circulating EPCs in mice and, if so, whether oxidative stress plays a role. Male and female C57BL/6 mice (8–10 weeks old) were exposed to PM or a vehicle control for six weeks. ELISA analysis showed that PM exposure substantially increased the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in both males and females, but the concentrations were significantly higher in males. PM exposure only increased the serum levels of TNF-α in males. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that ROS production was significantly increased by PM treatment in males but not in females. Similarly, the level of circulating EPCs (CD34(+)/CD133(+) and Sca-1(+)/Flk-1(+)) was significantly decreased by PM treatment in males but not in females. Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively prevented PM exposure-induced ROS and inflammatory cytokine production and restored circulating EPC levels in male mice. In sharp contrast, circulating EPC levels remained unchanged in female mice with PM exposure, an effect that was not altered by ovariectomy. In conclusion, PM exposure selectively decreased the circulating EPC population in male mice via increased oxidative stress without a significant impact on circulating EPCs in females independent of estrogen. MDPI 2021-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8268796/ /pubmed/34281260 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137200 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Xuanyou
Xiao, Yichao
Zhu, Qingyi
Cui, Yuqi
Hao, Hong
Wang, Meifang
Cowan, Peter J.
Korthuis, Ronald J.
Li, Guangfu
Sun, Qinghua
Liu, Zhenguo
Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title_full Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title_fullStr Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title_full_unstemmed Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title_short Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Preserved in Female Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Independent of Estrogen
title_sort circulating endothelial progenitor cells are preserved in female mice exposed to ambient fine particulate matter independent of estrogen
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8268796/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34281260
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137200
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