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Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance
This article describes the characteristics of one type of sealing system used in warm edge glazing units and analyses the possible causes of damage. Attention was focused on the performance of the dual seal, PIB/silicone system. This type of glazing is widely used for modern curtain walls and roofs...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8269632/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199149 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133594 |
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author | Cwyl, Maciej Michalczyk, Rafał Wierzbicki, Stanisław |
author_facet | Cwyl, Maciej Michalczyk, Rafał Wierzbicki, Stanisław |
author_sort | Cwyl, Maciej |
collection | PubMed |
description | This article describes the characteristics of one type of sealing system used in warm edge glazing units and analyses the possible causes of damage. Attention was focused on the performance of the dual seal, PIB/silicone system. This type of glazing is widely used for modern curtain walls and roofs of office buildings and shopping centres. Study was focused on PIB displacement defects, which affects both the appearance and thermal performance of the curtain wall system. Wide-ranging field surveys were conducted to examine the problems identified in some office buildings. The information gathered in this way was used to identify the critical areas and causes of seal displacement in the analysed insulating glass units (IGUs). Laboratory tests were conducted on PIB and silicone seals retrieved from the removed defective units. The properties of these materials were determined and used to evaluate the applied edge sealing system and build a representative numerical model. Due to the problems encountered in deriving accurate analytical formulas, finite element (FE) approximation was used as a problem solving tool. The generated FE model and strain analysis were the key parts to obtaining a true representation of the actual behaviour of IGUs subjected to various environmental loads, taking into account the influence of the air cavity. Results of computer simulations and laboratory tests were compared for model validation. The effect of changes in ambient pressure was examined, showing the development of tensile strains in the silicone and PIB, which can lead to debonding. The greatest principal strains occur at the silicone/butyl rubber interface and this location should be considered to be the most susceptible to failure. The observations are summarised in the final conclusions. Additionally, as field study showed, after ten years in service, the percentage of damaged units is considerable. More frequent IGUs inspection should cover both appearance and thermal imaging to detect unsealed panels. From the standpoint of both durability and appearance, dual silicone/PIB should be phased out in favour of modern seal systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8269632 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82696322021-07-10 Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance Cwyl, Maciej Michalczyk, Rafał Wierzbicki, Stanisław Materials (Basel) Article This article describes the characteristics of one type of sealing system used in warm edge glazing units and analyses the possible causes of damage. Attention was focused on the performance of the dual seal, PIB/silicone system. This type of glazing is widely used for modern curtain walls and roofs of office buildings and shopping centres. Study was focused on PIB displacement defects, which affects both the appearance and thermal performance of the curtain wall system. Wide-ranging field surveys were conducted to examine the problems identified in some office buildings. The information gathered in this way was used to identify the critical areas and causes of seal displacement in the analysed insulating glass units (IGUs). Laboratory tests were conducted on PIB and silicone seals retrieved from the removed defective units. The properties of these materials were determined and used to evaluate the applied edge sealing system and build a representative numerical model. Due to the problems encountered in deriving accurate analytical formulas, finite element (FE) approximation was used as a problem solving tool. The generated FE model and strain analysis were the key parts to obtaining a true representation of the actual behaviour of IGUs subjected to various environmental loads, taking into account the influence of the air cavity. Results of computer simulations and laboratory tests were compared for model validation. The effect of changes in ambient pressure was examined, showing the development of tensile strains in the silicone and PIB, which can lead to debonding. The greatest principal strains occur at the silicone/butyl rubber interface and this location should be considered to be the most susceptible to failure. The observations are summarised in the final conclusions. Additionally, as field study showed, after ten years in service, the percentage of damaged units is considerable. More frequent IGUs inspection should cover both appearance and thermal imaging to detect unsealed panels. From the standpoint of both durability and appearance, dual silicone/PIB should be phased out in favour of modern seal systems. MDPI 2021-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8269632/ /pubmed/34199149 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133594 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cwyl, Maciej Michalczyk, Rafał Wierzbicki, Stanisław Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title | Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title_full | Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title_fullStr | Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title_full_unstemmed | Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title_short | Polyisobutylene and Silicone in Warm Edge Glazing Systems—Evaluation of Long-Term Performance |
title_sort | polyisobutylene and silicone in warm edge glazing systems—evaluation of long-term performance |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8269632/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199149 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133594 |
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