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The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack
Shotcrete is the primary material for tunnel support due to its early rapid hardening characteristics. During tunnel construction in a sulfate environment, the hardening law of concrete will be affected. In this study, samples were prepared at six different curing times and immersed in four differen...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8269896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34279295 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133726 |
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author | Jin, Xiaoguang He, Jie Hou, Chao Luo, Wei He, Wenjun |
author_facet | Jin, Xiaoguang He, Jie Hou, Chao Luo, Wei He, Wenjun |
author_sort | Jin, Xiaoguang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Shotcrete is the primary material for tunnel support due to its early rapid hardening characteristics. During tunnel construction in a sulfate environment, the hardening law of concrete will be affected. In this study, samples were prepared at six different curing times and immersed in four different concentrations of sulfate solutions. A uniaxial test was conducted and analyzed to investigate the effect of sulfate attack on the mechanical properties of early aged shotcrete materials. Results indicated that waterlogged shotcrete does not have apparent cracks on the outside. The stress–strain curve or ultimate compressive strength of the samples showed that the effect of sulfate on shotcrete should be differentiated into chemical and physical sulfate attacks, according to the concentration of sulfate ions. The two parameters in the equation of the hardening behaviors of sulfate attack samples, ultimate compressive strength, and time constant, are related to sulfate concentration. The crack damage stress threshold of samples demonstrates that high-concentration sulfate corrosion leads to an impact on the durability of shotcrete. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8269896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82698962021-07-10 The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack Jin, Xiaoguang He, Jie Hou, Chao Luo, Wei He, Wenjun Materials (Basel) Article Shotcrete is the primary material for tunnel support due to its early rapid hardening characteristics. During tunnel construction in a sulfate environment, the hardening law of concrete will be affected. In this study, samples were prepared at six different curing times and immersed in four different concentrations of sulfate solutions. A uniaxial test was conducted and analyzed to investigate the effect of sulfate attack on the mechanical properties of early aged shotcrete materials. Results indicated that waterlogged shotcrete does not have apparent cracks on the outside. The stress–strain curve or ultimate compressive strength of the samples showed that the effect of sulfate on shotcrete should be differentiated into chemical and physical sulfate attacks, according to the concentration of sulfate ions. The two parameters in the equation of the hardening behaviors of sulfate attack samples, ultimate compressive strength, and time constant, are related to sulfate concentration. The crack damage stress threshold of samples demonstrates that high-concentration sulfate corrosion leads to an impact on the durability of shotcrete. MDPI 2021-07-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8269896/ /pubmed/34279295 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133726 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jin, Xiaoguang He, Jie Hou, Chao Luo, Wei He, Wenjun The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title | The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title_full | The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title_fullStr | The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title_full_unstemmed | The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title_short | The Mechanical Properties of Early Aged Shotcrete under Internal Sulfate Attack |
title_sort | mechanical properties of early aged shotcrete under internal sulfate attack |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8269896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34279295 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133726 |
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