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Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nurses’ caring behaviors, professional activities, and behaviors for the benefit of patients, influence patients’ perception of care and satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Caring behaviors of nurses are contextual and various factors such as patients’ social s...

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Autores principales: Ghafouri, Raziyeh, Nasiri, Malihe, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan, Tayyar-Iravanlou, Faraz, Rahmaty, Zahra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8270114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34242322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254317
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author Ghafouri, Raziyeh
Nasiri, Malihe
Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan
Tayyar-Iravanlou, Faraz
Rahmaty, Zahra
author_facet Ghafouri, Raziyeh
Nasiri, Malihe
Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan
Tayyar-Iravanlou, Faraz
Rahmaty, Zahra
author_sort Ghafouri, Raziyeh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nurses’ caring behaviors, professional activities, and behaviors for the benefit of patients, influence patients’ perception of care and satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Caring behaviors of nurses are contextual and various factors such as patients’ social structure, lifestyle, culture, and interests, as well as their biographical, social, and physiological characteristics, can influence perceptions of caring behaviors of nurses, as caring behaviors are an interactive and mental process between patients and nurses. This study was conducted to provide a transcultural translation and psychometric analysis of Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) among nurses in Iran. METHODOLOGY: Transcultural translation of the 16-item CBI was performed. Then, face validity (qualitative), content validity (quantitative and qualitative), and construct validity were examined in a cross-sectional study of 509 patients. A demographic questionnaire and the 16-item CBI were sent to enrolled patients via online questionnaires. The reliability of the instrument was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, construct validity of the single factor CBI was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Since one factor CBI was not confirmed, construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The final number of factors was confirmed using CFA. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the instrument was good with Cronbach’s alpha 0.89. Based on EFA, the CBI were loaded on two factors, eigenvalues >1, no item was removed. The emergent factors were named "Communicating respectfully" and "Professional knowledge and skill". These two factors explained 50.197% of the total variance. Then, CFA showed an acceptable fit for the two factors CBI. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the Persian version of the 16-item CBI had adequate validity and reliability. Accordingly, this instrument can be used to study nurses’ caring behaviors.
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spelling pubmed-82701142021-07-21 Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran Ghafouri, Raziyeh Nasiri, Malihe Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan Tayyar-Iravanlou, Faraz Rahmaty, Zahra PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nurses’ caring behaviors, professional activities, and behaviors for the benefit of patients, influence patients’ perception of care and satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Caring behaviors of nurses are contextual and various factors such as patients’ social structure, lifestyle, culture, and interests, as well as their biographical, social, and physiological characteristics, can influence perceptions of caring behaviors of nurses, as caring behaviors are an interactive and mental process between patients and nurses. This study was conducted to provide a transcultural translation and psychometric analysis of Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) among nurses in Iran. METHODOLOGY: Transcultural translation of the 16-item CBI was performed. Then, face validity (qualitative), content validity (quantitative and qualitative), and construct validity were examined in a cross-sectional study of 509 patients. A demographic questionnaire and the 16-item CBI were sent to enrolled patients via online questionnaires. The reliability of the instrument was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, construct validity of the single factor CBI was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Since one factor CBI was not confirmed, construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The final number of factors was confirmed using CFA. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the instrument was good with Cronbach’s alpha 0.89. Based on EFA, the CBI were loaded on two factors, eigenvalues >1, no item was removed. The emergent factors were named "Communicating respectfully" and "Professional knowledge and skill". These two factors explained 50.197% of the total variance. Then, CFA showed an acceptable fit for the two factors CBI. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the Persian version of the 16-item CBI had adequate validity and reliability. Accordingly, this instrument can be used to study nurses’ caring behaviors. Public Library of Science 2021-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8270114/ /pubmed/34242322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254317 Text en © 2021 Ghafouri et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ghafouri, Raziyeh
Nasiri, Malihe
Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Foroozan
Tayyar-Iravanlou, Faraz
Rahmaty, Zahra
Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title_full Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title_fullStr Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title_full_unstemmed Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title_short Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
title_sort translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in iran
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8270114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34242322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254317
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