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Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study

Resonant-based sensors are attractive optical structures due to the easy detection of shifts in the resonance location in response to variations in the analyte refractive index (RI) in comparison to non-resonant-based sensors. In particular, due to the rapid progress of nanostructures fabrication me...

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Autores principales: Abutoama, Mohammad, Abuleil, Marwan, Abdulhalim, Ibrahim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8271722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34282800
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134523
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author Abutoama, Mohammad
Abuleil, Marwan
Abdulhalim, Ibrahim
author_facet Abutoama, Mohammad
Abuleil, Marwan
Abdulhalim, Ibrahim
author_sort Abutoama, Mohammad
collection PubMed
description Resonant-based sensors are attractive optical structures due to the easy detection of shifts in the resonance location in response to variations in the analyte refractive index (RI) in comparison to non-resonant-based sensors. In particular, due to the rapid progress of nanostructures fabrication methods, the manufacturing of subwavelength and nano-scale gratings in a large area and at a low cost has become possible. A comparative study is presented involving analysis and experimental work on several subwavelength and nanograting structures, highlighting their nano-scale features’ high potential in biosensing applications, namely: (i) Thin dielectric grating on top of thin metal film (TDGTMF), which can support the excitation of extended surface plasmons (ESPs), guided mode resonance, or leaky mode; (ii) reflecting grating for conventional ESP resonance (ESPR) and cavity modes (CMs) excitation; (iii) thick dielectric resonant subwavelength grating exhibiting guided mode resonance (GMR) without a waveguide layer. Among the unique features, we highlight the following: (a) Self-referenced operation obtained using the TDGTMF geometry; (b) multimodal operation, including ESPR, CMs, and surface-enhanced spectroscopy using reflecting nanograting; (c) phase detection as a more sensitive approach in all cases, except the case of reflecting grating where phase detection is less sensitive than intensity or wavelength detection. Additionally, intensity and phase detection modes were experimentally demonstrated using off-the-shelf grating-based optical compact discs as a low-cost sensors available for use in a large area. Several flexible designs are proposed for sensing in the visible and infrared spectral ranges based on the mentioned geometries. In addition, enhanced penetration depth is also proposed for sensing large entities such as cells and bacteria using the TDGTMF geometry.
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spelling pubmed-82717222021-07-11 Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study Abutoama, Mohammad Abuleil, Marwan Abdulhalim, Ibrahim Sensors (Basel) Article Resonant-based sensors are attractive optical structures due to the easy detection of shifts in the resonance location in response to variations in the analyte refractive index (RI) in comparison to non-resonant-based sensors. In particular, due to the rapid progress of nanostructures fabrication methods, the manufacturing of subwavelength and nano-scale gratings in a large area and at a low cost has become possible. A comparative study is presented involving analysis and experimental work on several subwavelength and nanograting structures, highlighting their nano-scale features’ high potential in biosensing applications, namely: (i) Thin dielectric grating on top of thin metal film (TDGTMF), which can support the excitation of extended surface plasmons (ESPs), guided mode resonance, or leaky mode; (ii) reflecting grating for conventional ESP resonance (ESPR) and cavity modes (CMs) excitation; (iii) thick dielectric resonant subwavelength grating exhibiting guided mode resonance (GMR) without a waveguide layer. Among the unique features, we highlight the following: (a) Self-referenced operation obtained using the TDGTMF geometry; (b) multimodal operation, including ESPR, CMs, and surface-enhanced spectroscopy using reflecting nanograting; (c) phase detection as a more sensitive approach in all cases, except the case of reflecting grating where phase detection is less sensitive than intensity or wavelength detection. Additionally, intensity and phase detection modes were experimentally demonstrated using off-the-shelf grating-based optical compact discs as a low-cost sensors available for use in a large area. Several flexible designs are proposed for sensing in the visible and infrared spectral ranges based on the mentioned geometries. In addition, enhanced penetration depth is also proposed for sensing large entities such as cells and bacteria using the TDGTMF geometry. MDPI 2021-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8271722/ /pubmed/34282800 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134523 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Abutoama, Mohammad
Abuleil, Marwan
Abdulhalim, Ibrahim
Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title_full Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title_fullStr Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title_full_unstemmed Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title_short Resonant Subwavelength and Nano-Scale Grating Structures for Biosensing Application: A Comparative Study
title_sort resonant subwavelength and nano-scale grating structures for biosensing application: a comparative study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8271722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34282800
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134523
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