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Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases

Vascular aging is a pivotal risk factor promoting vascular dysfunction, the development and progression of vascular aging-related diseases. The structure and function of endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), fibroblasts, and macrophages are disrupted during the aging process...

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Autores principales: Xu, Hui, Li, Shuang, Liu, You-Shuo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8273304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34262910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.699374
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author Xu, Hui
Li, Shuang
Liu, You-Shuo
author_facet Xu, Hui
Li, Shuang
Liu, You-Shuo
author_sort Xu, Hui
collection PubMed
description Vascular aging is a pivotal risk factor promoting vascular dysfunction, the development and progression of vascular aging-related diseases. The structure and function of endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), fibroblasts, and macrophages are disrupted during the aging process, causing vascular cell senescence as well as vascular dysfunction. DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism, involves the alteration of gene transcription without changing the DNA sequence. It is a dynamically reversible process modulated by methyltransferases and demethyltransferases. Emerging evidence reveals that DNA methylation is implicated in the vascular aging process and plays a central role in regulating vascular aging-related diseases. In this review, we seek to clarify the mechanisms of DNA methylation in modulating ECs, VSMCs, fibroblasts, and macrophages functions and primarily focus on the connection between DNA methylation and vascular aging-related diseases. Therefore, we represent many vascular aging-related genes which are modulated by DNA methylation. Besides, we concentrate on the potential clinical application of DNA methylation to serve as a reliable diagnostic tool and DNA methylation-based therapeutic drugs for vascular aging-related diseases.
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spelling pubmed-82733042021-07-13 Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases Xu, Hui Li, Shuang Liu, You-Shuo Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Vascular aging is a pivotal risk factor promoting vascular dysfunction, the development and progression of vascular aging-related diseases. The structure and function of endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), fibroblasts, and macrophages are disrupted during the aging process, causing vascular cell senescence as well as vascular dysfunction. DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism, involves the alteration of gene transcription without changing the DNA sequence. It is a dynamically reversible process modulated by methyltransferases and demethyltransferases. Emerging evidence reveals that DNA methylation is implicated in the vascular aging process and plays a central role in regulating vascular aging-related diseases. In this review, we seek to clarify the mechanisms of DNA methylation in modulating ECs, VSMCs, fibroblasts, and macrophages functions and primarily focus on the connection between DNA methylation and vascular aging-related diseases. Therefore, we represent many vascular aging-related genes which are modulated by DNA methylation. Besides, we concentrate on the potential clinical application of DNA methylation to serve as a reliable diagnostic tool and DNA methylation-based therapeutic drugs for vascular aging-related diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8273304/ /pubmed/34262910 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.699374 Text en Copyright © 2021 Xu, Li and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Xu, Hui
Li, Shuang
Liu, You-Shuo
Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title_full Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title_fullStr Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title_short Roles and Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases
title_sort roles and mechanisms of dna methylation in vascular aging and related diseases
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8273304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34262910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.699374
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