Cargando…
HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4
The outer layer of the human placenta comprises syncytiotrophoblast, which forms through fusion of cytotrophoblasts (syncytialization), and plays a critical role in maternal–fetal communication including nutrient/oxygen transportation and hormone secretion. Impairment in syncytialization inevitably...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8277827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34257367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93520-1 |
_version_ | 1783722136306712576 |
---|---|
author | Mansilla, Mary Wang, Yao Lim, Rebecca Palmer, Kirsten Nie, Guiying |
author_facet | Mansilla, Mary Wang, Yao Lim, Rebecca Palmer, Kirsten Nie, Guiying |
author_sort | Mansilla, Mary |
collection | PubMed |
description | The outer layer of the human placenta comprises syncytiotrophoblast, which forms through fusion of cytotrophoblasts (syncytialization), and plays a critical role in maternal–fetal communication including nutrient/oxygen transportation and hormone secretion. Impairment in syncytialization inevitably affects pregnancy outcomes. High temperature requirement factor A 4 (HtrA4) is a placental-specific protease, expressed by various trophoblasts including syncytiotrophoblast, and significantly elevated in preeclampsia at disease presentation. However, it is unknown whether HtrA4 is important for syncytialization. Here we first examined HtrA4 expression in primary human cytotrophoblasts during syncytialization which occurs spontaneously in culture, and in BeWo cells which syncytialize upon forskolin stimulation. The success of syncytialization in each model was confirmed by significant up-regulation/secretion of β-hCG, and the concurrent down-regulation of E-cadherin. In both models, HtrA4 mRNA and protein increased concomitantly with syncytialization. Furthermore, the secreted levels of β-hCG and HtrA4 correlated significantly and positively in both models. We next knocked out HtrA4 in BeWo by CRISPR/Cas9. Upon forskolin treatment, control BeWo profoundly up-regulated β-hCG and syncytin-1, down-regulated E-cadherin, and at the same time increased the formation of multinucleated cells, whereas BeWo cells without HtrA4 did not alter any of these parameters. Our data thus suggest that HtrA4 plays an essential role in syncytialization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8277827 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82778272021-07-15 HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 Mansilla, Mary Wang, Yao Lim, Rebecca Palmer, Kirsten Nie, Guiying Sci Rep Article The outer layer of the human placenta comprises syncytiotrophoblast, which forms through fusion of cytotrophoblasts (syncytialization), and plays a critical role in maternal–fetal communication including nutrient/oxygen transportation and hormone secretion. Impairment in syncytialization inevitably affects pregnancy outcomes. High temperature requirement factor A 4 (HtrA4) is a placental-specific protease, expressed by various trophoblasts including syncytiotrophoblast, and significantly elevated in preeclampsia at disease presentation. However, it is unknown whether HtrA4 is important for syncytialization. Here we first examined HtrA4 expression in primary human cytotrophoblasts during syncytialization which occurs spontaneously in culture, and in BeWo cells which syncytialize upon forskolin stimulation. The success of syncytialization in each model was confirmed by significant up-regulation/secretion of β-hCG, and the concurrent down-regulation of E-cadherin. In both models, HtrA4 mRNA and protein increased concomitantly with syncytialization. Furthermore, the secreted levels of β-hCG and HtrA4 correlated significantly and positively in both models. We next knocked out HtrA4 in BeWo by CRISPR/Cas9. Upon forskolin treatment, control BeWo profoundly up-regulated β-hCG and syncytin-1, down-regulated E-cadherin, and at the same time increased the formation of multinucleated cells, whereas BeWo cells without HtrA4 did not alter any of these parameters. Our data thus suggest that HtrA4 plays an essential role in syncytialization. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8277827/ /pubmed/34257367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93520-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Mansilla, Mary Wang, Yao Lim, Rebecca Palmer, Kirsten Nie, Guiying HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title | HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title_full | HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title_fullStr | HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title_full_unstemmed | HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title_short | HtrA4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and BeWo cells fail to syncytialize without HtrA4 |
title_sort | htra4 is up-regulated during trophoblast syncytialization and bewo cells fail to syncytialize without htra4 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8277827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34257367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93520-1 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mansillamary htra4isupregulatedduringtrophoblastsyncytializationandbewocellsfailtosyncytializewithouthtra4 AT wangyao htra4isupregulatedduringtrophoblastsyncytializationandbewocellsfailtosyncytializewithouthtra4 AT limrebecca htra4isupregulatedduringtrophoblastsyncytializationandbewocellsfailtosyncytializewithouthtra4 AT palmerkirsten htra4isupregulatedduringtrophoblastsyncytializationandbewocellsfailtosyncytializewithouthtra4 AT nieguiying htra4isupregulatedduringtrophoblastsyncytializationandbewocellsfailtosyncytializewithouthtra4 |