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Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction

Introduction: Atherosclerosis contributes to the underlying pathophysiology for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cerebrovascular disease. Several studies have been conducted to demonstrate PAD as a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events, however, the re...

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Autores principales: Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel, Faxas, Sila Mateo, Taveras, Nicole Tejeda, Talpur, Abdul Subhan, Kumar, Jitesh, Khalid, Maria, Aruwani, Suraj K, Khalid, Dua, Khalid, Haya, Memon, Sidra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8280959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34277248
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15655
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author Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel
Faxas, Sila Mateo
Taveras, Nicole Tejeda
Talpur, Abdul Subhan
Kumar, Jitesh
Khalid, Maria
Aruwani, Suraj K
Khalid, Dua
Khalid, Haya
Memon, Sidra
author_facet Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel
Faxas, Sila Mateo
Taveras, Nicole Tejeda
Talpur, Abdul Subhan
Kumar, Jitesh
Khalid, Maria
Aruwani, Suraj K
Khalid, Dua
Khalid, Haya
Memon, Sidra
author_sort Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel
collection PubMed
description Introduction: Atherosclerosis contributes to the underlying pathophysiology for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cerebrovascular disease. Several studies have been conducted to demonstrate PAD as a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events, however, the regional data are limited. This study aims to highlight PAD as a major risk factor in CV events in a local setting. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 400 hypertensive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAD were enrolled from the outpatient department of the cardiology unit. Diagnosis of PAD was made using the ankle brachial index (ABI). ABI less than 0.9 was labeled as participants with PAD. Another group of 400 without PAD was also enrolled as the control group from the outpatient department of cardiology unit. Patients were followed up for 12 months or for the development of myocardial infarction (MI). Result: Participants with PAD had a significant increased risk of total MI events with a relative risk (RR) of 1.67 (confidence interval, CI 95%: 1.05-2.66; p-value: 0.02). The RR for fatal MI was 2.62 (CI 95%: 0.94-7.29; p-value: 0.06) compared to the participants without PAD, however, it was not significant. Conclusion: This study has focused on the risk factors of PAD and has suggested that the patients who have any of the mentioned risk factors should be treated with caution under strict instructions given by doctors. A variety of treatment options is available, but the initial changes should be made in the lifestyle of these patients, making sure the risk factors are being treated.
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spelling pubmed-82809592021-07-16 Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel Faxas, Sila Mateo Taveras, Nicole Tejeda Talpur, Abdul Subhan Kumar, Jitesh Khalid, Maria Aruwani, Suraj K Khalid, Dua Khalid, Haya Memon, Sidra Cureus Cardiology Introduction: Atherosclerosis contributes to the underlying pathophysiology for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cerebrovascular disease. Several studies have been conducted to demonstrate PAD as a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events, however, the regional data are limited. This study aims to highlight PAD as a major risk factor in CV events in a local setting. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 400 hypertensive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAD were enrolled from the outpatient department of the cardiology unit. Diagnosis of PAD was made using the ankle brachial index (ABI). ABI less than 0.9 was labeled as participants with PAD. Another group of 400 without PAD was also enrolled as the control group from the outpatient department of cardiology unit. Patients were followed up for 12 months or for the development of myocardial infarction (MI). Result: Participants with PAD had a significant increased risk of total MI events with a relative risk (RR) of 1.67 (confidence interval, CI 95%: 1.05-2.66; p-value: 0.02). The RR for fatal MI was 2.62 (CI 95%: 0.94-7.29; p-value: 0.06) compared to the participants without PAD, however, it was not significant. Conclusion: This study has focused on the risk factors of PAD and has suggested that the patients who have any of the mentioned risk factors should be treated with caution under strict instructions given by doctors. A variety of treatment options is available, but the initial changes should be made in the lifestyle of these patients, making sure the risk factors are being treated. Cureus 2021-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8280959/ /pubmed/34277248 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15655 Text en Copyright © 2021, Pérez Mejias et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Cardiology
Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel
Faxas, Sila Mateo
Taveras, Nicole Tejeda
Talpur, Abdul Subhan
Kumar, Jitesh
Khalid, Maria
Aruwani, Suraj K
Khalid, Dua
Khalid, Haya
Memon, Sidra
Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title_full Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title_fullStr Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title_full_unstemmed Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title_short Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
title_sort peripheral artery disease as a risk factor for myocardial infarction
topic Cardiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8280959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34277248
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15655
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