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Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale

BACKGROUND: Phenological studies are a prerequisite for accomplishing higher productivity and better crop quality in cultivated plants. However, there are no phenological studies on Panax ginseng that improve its production yield. This study aims to redefine the phenological growth stages of P. gins...

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Autores principales: Kim, Yun-Soo, Park, Chol-Soo, Lee, Dong-Yun, Lee, Joon-Soo, Lee, Seung-Hwan, In, Jun-Gyo, Hong, Tae-Kyun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8282489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34295213
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2020.12.006
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author Kim, Yun-Soo
Park, Chol-Soo
Lee, Dong-Yun
Lee, Joon-Soo
Lee, Seung-Hwan
In, Jun-Gyo
Hong, Tae-Kyun
author_facet Kim, Yun-Soo
Park, Chol-Soo
Lee, Dong-Yun
Lee, Joon-Soo
Lee, Seung-Hwan
In, Jun-Gyo
Hong, Tae-Kyun
author_sort Kim, Yun-Soo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Phenological studies are a prerequisite for accomplishing higher productivity and better crop quality in cultivated plants. However, there are no phenological studies on Panax ginseng that improve its production yield. This study aims to redefine the phenological growth stages of P. ginseng based on the existing Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale and proposes a disease control reference. METHODS: This study was conducted at the Korea Ginseng Corporation Experiment Station in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Phenological observations were performed once weekly or twice monthly, based on the developmental stages. The existing BBCH scale with a three-digit code was used to redefine and update P. ginseng’s phenological growth codes. RESULTS: The phenological description is divided into eight principal growth stages: three for vegetative growth (perennating bud, aerial shoot, and root development), four for reproductive growth (reproductive organ development, flowering, fruit development, and fruit maturation), and one for senescence according to the extended BBCH scale. A total of 58 secondary growth stages were described within the eight principal growth stages. Under each secondary growth stage, four mesostages are also taken into account, which contains the distinct patterns of the phenological characteristics in ginseng varieties and the process of transplanting seedlings. A practical management program for disease control was also proposed by using the BBCH code and the phenological data proposed in this work. CONCLUSION: The study introduces an extended BBCH scale for the phenological research of P. ginseng.
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spelling pubmed-82824892021-07-21 Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale Kim, Yun-Soo Park, Chol-Soo Lee, Dong-Yun Lee, Joon-Soo Lee, Seung-Hwan In, Jun-Gyo Hong, Tae-Kyun J Ginseng Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Phenological studies are a prerequisite for accomplishing higher productivity and better crop quality in cultivated plants. However, there are no phenological studies on Panax ginseng that improve its production yield. This study aims to redefine the phenological growth stages of P. ginseng based on the existing Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale and proposes a disease control reference. METHODS: This study was conducted at the Korea Ginseng Corporation Experiment Station in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Phenological observations were performed once weekly or twice monthly, based on the developmental stages. The existing BBCH scale with a three-digit code was used to redefine and update P. ginseng’s phenological growth codes. RESULTS: The phenological description is divided into eight principal growth stages: three for vegetative growth (perennating bud, aerial shoot, and root development), four for reproductive growth (reproductive organ development, flowering, fruit development, and fruit maturation), and one for senescence according to the extended BBCH scale. A total of 58 secondary growth stages were described within the eight principal growth stages. Under each secondary growth stage, four mesostages are also taken into account, which contains the distinct patterns of the phenological characteristics in ginseng varieties and the process of transplanting seedlings. A practical management program for disease control was also proposed by using the BBCH code and the phenological data proposed in this work. CONCLUSION: The study introduces an extended BBCH scale for the phenological research of P. ginseng. Elsevier 2021-07 2020-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8282489/ /pubmed/34295213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2020.12.006 Text en © 2021 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Kim, Yun-Soo
Park, Chol-Soo
Lee, Dong-Yun
Lee, Joon-Soo
Lee, Seung-Hwan
In, Jun-Gyo
Hong, Tae-Kyun
Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title_full Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title_fullStr Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title_full_unstemmed Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title_short Phenological growth stages of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) according to the extended BBCH scale
title_sort phenological growth stages of korean ginseng (panax ginseng) according to the extended bbch scale
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8282489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34295213
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2020.12.006
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