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Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines

IMPORTANCE: Black and Latinx communities have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, yet little work has sought to understand their perspectives. OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences of Black and Latinx communities during the pandemic to better understand their perspectives on C...

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Autores principales: Jimenez, Manuel E., Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, Crabtree, Benjamin F., Hill, Diane, Pellerano, Maria B., Devance, Donita, Macenat, Myneka, Lima, Daniel, Martinez Alcaraz, Emmanuel, Ferrante, Jeanne M., Barrett, Emily S., Blaser, Martin J., Panettieri, Reynold A., Hudson, Shawna V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8283554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34264327
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17074
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author Jimenez, Manuel E.
Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar
Crabtree, Benjamin F.
Hill, Diane
Pellerano, Maria B.
Devance, Donita
Macenat, Myneka
Lima, Daniel
Martinez Alcaraz, Emmanuel
Ferrante, Jeanne M.
Barrett, Emily S.
Blaser, Martin J.
Panettieri, Reynold A.
Hudson, Shawna V.
author_facet Jimenez, Manuel E.
Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar
Crabtree, Benjamin F.
Hill, Diane
Pellerano, Maria B.
Devance, Donita
Macenat, Myneka
Lima, Daniel
Martinez Alcaraz, Emmanuel
Ferrante, Jeanne M.
Barrett, Emily S.
Blaser, Martin J.
Panettieri, Reynold A.
Hudson, Shawna V.
author_sort Jimenez, Manuel E.
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Black and Latinx communities have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, yet little work has sought to understand their perspectives. OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences of Black and Latinx communities during the pandemic to better understand their perspectives on COVID-19 mitigation behaviors (eg, mask wearing), testing, and vaccines. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this community-engaged qualitative study conducted with 18 community-based organizations and 4 health care organizations between November 19, 2020, and February 5, 2021, in New Jersey counties severely affected by the pandemic, group and individual interviews were used to purposively sample 111 Black and Latinx individuals. A total of 13 group interviews were organized by race/ethnicity and language: 4 English-speaking groups with Black participants (n = 34), 3 Spanish-speaking groups with Latinx participants (n = 24), and 4 English-speaking groups with Black and Latinx participants (n = 36). To understand the views of health care workers from these communities, 2 additional groups (n = 9) were convened and supplemented with individual interviews. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Description of Black and Latinx participants’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their perspectives on mitigation behaviors, testing, and vaccines. RESULTS: The study included 111 participants (87 women [78.4%]; median age, 43 years [range, 18-93 years]). Participants described the devastating effects of the pandemic on themselves, loved ones, and their community. Their experiences were marked by fear, illness, loss, and separation. These experiences motivated intense information seeking, mitigation behaviors, and testing. Nevertheless, vaccine skepticism was high across all groups. Participants did not trust the vaccine development process and wanted clearer information. Black participants expressed that they did not want to be subjects of experiments. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The remaining unknowns about new vaccines need to be acknowledged and described for Black and Latinx communities to make informed decisions. Ultimately, scientists and public officials need to work transparently to address unanswered questions and work collaboratively with trusted community leaders and health professionals to foster partnered approaches, rather than focusing on marketing campaigns, to eliminate vaccine skepticism.
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spelling pubmed-82835542021-07-19 Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines Jimenez, Manuel E. Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar Crabtree, Benjamin F. Hill, Diane Pellerano, Maria B. Devance, Donita Macenat, Myneka Lima, Daniel Martinez Alcaraz, Emmanuel Ferrante, Jeanne M. Barrett, Emily S. Blaser, Martin J. Panettieri, Reynold A. Hudson, Shawna V. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Black and Latinx communities have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, yet little work has sought to understand their perspectives. OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences of Black and Latinx communities during the pandemic to better understand their perspectives on COVID-19 mitigation behaviors (eg, mask wearing), testing, and vaccines. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this community-engaged qualitative study conducted with 18 community-based organizations and 4 health care organizations between November 19, 2020, and February 5, 2021, in New Jersey counties severely affected by the pandemic, group and individual interviews were used to purposively sample 111 Black and Latinx individuals. A total of 13 group interviews were organized by race/ethnicity and language: 4 English-speaking groups with Black participants (n = 34), 3 Spanish-speaking groups with Latinx participants (n = 24), and 4 English-speaking groups with Black and Latinx participants (n = 36). To understand the views of health care workers from these communities, 2 additional groups (n = 9) were convened and supplemented with individual interviews. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Description of Black and Latinx participants’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their perspectives on mitigation behaviors, testing, and vaccines. RESULTS: The study included 111 participants (87 women [78.4%]; median age, 43 years [range, 18-93 years]). Participants described the devastating effects of the pandemic on themselves, loved ones, and their community. Their experiences were marked by fear, illness, loss, and separation. These experiences motivated intense information seeking, mitigation behaviors, and testing. Nevertheless, vaccine skepticism was high across all groups. Participants did not trust the vaccine development process and wanted clearer information. Black participants expressed that they did not want to be subjects of experiments. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The remaining unknowns about new vaccines need to be acknowledged and described for Black and Latinx communities to make informed decisions. Ultimately, scientists and public officials need to work transparently to address unanswered questions and work collaboratively with trusted community leaders and health professionals to foster partnered approaches, rather than focusing on marketing campaigns, to eliminate vaccine skepticism. American Medical Association 2021-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8283554/ /pubmed/34264327 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17074 Text en Copyright 2021 Jimenez ME et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Jimenez, Manuel E.
Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar
Crabtree, Benjamin F.
Hill, Diane
Pellerano, Maria B.
Devance, Donita
Macenat, Myneka
Lima, Daniel
Martinez Alcaraz, Emmanuel
Ferrante, Jeanne M.
Barrett, Emily S.
Blaser, Martin J.
Panettieri, Reynold A.
Hudson, Shawna V.
Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title_full Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title_fullStr Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title_full_unstemmed Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title_short Black and Latinx Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors, Testing, and Vaccines
title_sort black and latinx community perspectives on covid-19 mitigation behaviors, testing, and vaccines
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8283554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34264327
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17074
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