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Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries
Early ovary development is considered to be largely hormone independent; yet, there are associations between fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women. This can potentially be explained by perturbations to establishment of ovarian endocrine function rather...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8285011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33905526 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfab048 |
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author | Johansson, Hanna Katarina Lilith Taxvig, Camilla Olsen, Gustav Peder Mohr Svingen, Terje |
author_facet | Johansson, Hanna Katarina Lilith Taxvig, Camilla Olsen, Gustav Peder Mohr Svingen, Terje |
author_sort | Johansson, Hanna Katarina Lilith |
collection | PubMed |
description | Early ovary development is considered to be largely hormone independent; yet, there are associations between fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women. This can potentially be explained by perturbations to establishment of ovarian endocrine function rather than interference with an already established hormone system. In this study we explore if Hedgehog (HH) signaling, a central pathway for correct ovary development, can be disrupted by exposure to HH-disrupting chemicals, using the antifungal itraconazole as model compound. In the mouse Leydig cell line TM3, used as a proxy for ovarian theca cells, itraconazole exposure had a suppressing effect on genes downstream of HH signaling, such as Gli1. Exposing explanted rat ovaries (gestational day 22 or postnatal day 3) to 30 µM itraconazole for 72 h induced significant suppression of genes in the HH signaling pathway with altered Ihh, Gli1, Ptch1, and Smo expression similar to those previously observed in Ihh/Dhh knock-out mice. Exposing rat dams to 50 mg/kg bw/day in the perinatal period did not induce observable changes in the offspring’s ovaries. Overall, our results suggest that HH signal disruptors may affect ovary development with potential long-term consequences for female reproductive health. However, potent HH inhibitors would likely cause severe teratogenic effects at doses lower than those causing ovarian dysgenesis, so the concern with respect to reproductive disorder is for the presence of HH disruptors at low concentration in combination with other ovary or endocrine disrupting compounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8285011 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82850112021-07-19 Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries Johansson, Hanna Katarina Lilith Taxvig, Camilla Olsen, Gustav Peder Mohr Svingen, Terje Toxicol Sci Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Early ovary development is considered to be largely hormone independent; yet, there are associations between fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women. This can potentially be explained by perturbations to establishment of ovarian endocrine function rather than interference with an already established hormone system. In this study we explore if Hedgehog (HH) signaling, a central pathway for correct ovary development, can be disrupted by exposure to HH-disrupting chemicals, using the antifungal itraconazole as model compound. In the mouse Leydig cell line TM3, used as a proxy for ovarian theca cells, itraconazole exposure had a suppressing effect on genes downstream of HH signaling, such as Gli1. Exposing explanted rat ovaries (gestational day 22 or postnatal day 3) to 30 µM itraconazole for 72 h induced significant suppression of genes in the HH signaling pathway with altered Ihh, Gli1, Ptch1, and Smo expression similar to those previously observed in Ihh/Dhh knock-out mice. Exposing rat dams to 50 mg/kg bw/day in the perinatal period did not induce observable changes in the offspring’s ovaries. Overall, our results suggest that HH signal disruptors may affect ovary development with potential long-term consequences for female reproductive health. However, potent HH inhibitors would likely cause severe teratogenic effects at doses lower than those causing ovarian dysgenesis, so the concern with respect to reproductive disorder is for the presence of HH disruptors at low concentration in combination with other ovary or endocrine disrupting compounds. Oxford University Press 2021-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8285011/ /pubmed/33905526 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfab048 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Johansson, Hanna Katarina Lilith Taxvig, Camilla Olsen, Gustav Peder Mohr Svingen, Terje Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title | Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title_full | Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title_fullStr | Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title_short | Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries |
title_sort | effects of the hedgehog signaling inhibitor itraconazole on developing rat ovaries |
topic | Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8285011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33905526 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfab048 |
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