Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit

Background: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant derived from the amino acid cysteine and is one of the drugs used in the treatment of respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NAC on the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. Patients under mechanical ventilation admitted to the intensive care unit were examined. Patients in the intervention group received daily 150 mg/kg of NAC on the first day of admission and then 50 mg/kg up to the fourth day of admission. Patients in the control group received routine care. The vital signs, level of consciousness, and other important variables were recorded. Data were analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS software version 24. Results: There was no significant difference between MAP, heart rate, respiratory rate, O(2)Sat, APACHE II score, and pulmonary capacity of the patients in the two groups on the first, second, third and fourth days after the intervention (p>0.05 ). There was no significant difference between the level of consciousness (according to GCS criteria), respiratory index (PAO(2)/FIO(2)) and PEEP of patients in the two study groups within 1 to 2 days after the intervention (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between the level of consciousness (based on GCS criteria), respiratory index (PAO(2)/FIO(2)) and PEEP of patients in the two study groups within 3 to 4 days after the intervention (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the duration of hospitalization in the ICU, the time required for mechanical ventilation and the mortality rate of the patients in the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that N-acetylcysteine has a positive effect on the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit.