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Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: Given the scarcity of data on sleep insufficiency in developing countries and its emerging importance in public health, this study aims to provide the prevalence and factors associated with insufficient sleep among working Malaysian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 11,356 work...

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Autores principales: Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien, Siau, Ching Sin, Wong, Jyh Eiin, Wee, Lei Hum, Jamil, Nor Aini, Hoe, Victor Chee Wai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8286118/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34285616
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S295537
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author Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien
Siau, Ching Sin
Wong, Jyh Eiin
Wee, Lei Hum
Jamil, Nor Aini
Hoe, Victor Chee Wai
author_facet Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien
Siau, Ching Sin
Wong, Jyh Eiin
Wee, Lei Hum
Jamil, Nor Aini
Hoe, Victor Chee Wai
author_sort Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Given the scarcity of data on sleep insufficiency in developing countries and its emerging importance in public health, this study aims to provide the prevalence and factors associated with insufficient sleep among working Malaysian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 11,356 working adults (≥18 years) were recruited from a cross-sectional online health and work survey. Sleep duration was self-reported and was categorised as insufficient sleep (<7 h) and sufficient sleep (≥7 h) based on the National Sleep Guidelines’ daily sleep time recommendation for adults. The 10-item Kessler scale was used to assess psychological distress levels (cutoff score ≥20). Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed to examine the factors associated with insufficient sleep. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 35.7 years (standard deviation, SD±9.2). There were more female (n=6613; 58.2%) respondents. The mean sleep duration was 6.49 h (SD±1.10). A total of 6212 individuals (54.7%) reported getting <7 h of sleep daily. After adjusting for gender, marital status and educational attainment, older age (odds ratio, OR=2.22, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.72–2.86), ever smoking (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.25–1.53), and high psychological distress (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.17–1.53) were found to be associated with insufficient sleep. Factors associated with sleep duration of <7 h per night included having children (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.21–1.50), lifestyle factors (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.25–1.53), poor sleeping conditions (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.36), and mental health issues (OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.54). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: More than half of the participants reported sleep insufficiency. Older age, ever smoking, and high levels of psychological distress were significantly associated with insufficient sleep. Our findings recognise sleep as an emerging public health issue. Smoking cessation programmes and addressing high psychological distress may be beneficial to improve sleep.
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spelling pubmed-82861182021-07-19 Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien Siau, Ching Sin Wong, Jyh Eiin Wee, Lei Hum Jamil, Nor Aini Hoe, Victor Chee Wai Nat Sci Sleep Original Research INTRODUCTION: Given the scarcity of data on sleep insufficiency in developing countries and its emerging importance in public health, this study aims to provide the prevalence and factors associated with insufficient sleep among working Malaysian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 11,356 working adults (≥18 years) were recruited from a cross-sectional online health and work survey. Sleep duration was self-reported and was categorised as insufficient sleep (<7 h) and sufficient sleep (≥7 h) based on the National Sleep Guidelines’ daily sleep time recommendation for adults. The 10-item Kessler scale was used to assess psychological distress levels (cutoff score ≥20). Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed to examine the factors associated with insufficient sleep. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 35.7 years (standard deviation, SD±9.2). There were more female (n=6613; 58.2%) respondents. The mean sleep duration was 6.49 h (SD±1.10). A total of 6212 individuals (54.7%) reported getting <7 h of sleep daily. After adjusting for gender, marital status and educational attainment, older age (odds ratio, OR=2.22, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.72–2.86), ever smoking (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.25–1.53), and high psychological distress (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.17–1.53) were found to be associated with insufficient sleep. Factors associated with sleep duration of <7 h per night included having children (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.21–1.50), lifestyle factors (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.25–1.53), poor sleeping conditions (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.36), and mental health issues (OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.54). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: More than half of the participants reported sleep insufficiency. Older age, ever smoking, and high levels of psychological distress were significantly associated with insufficient sleep. Our findings recognise sleep as an emerging public health issue. Smoking cessation programmes and addressing high psychological distress may be beneficial to improve sleep. Dove 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8286118/ /pubmed/34285616 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S295537 Text en © 2021 Chan et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Chan, Caryn Mei Hsien
Siau, Ching Sin
Wong, Jyh Eiin
Wee, Lei Hum
Jamil, Nor Aini
Hoe, Victor Chee Wai
Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title_full Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title_fullStr Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title_short Prevalence of Insufficient Sleep and Its Associated Factors Among Working Adults in Malaysia
title_sort prevalence of insufficient sleep and its associated factors among working adults in malaysia
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8286118/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34285616
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S295537
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