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Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2

Solar UV-C photons do not reach Earth’s surface, but are known to be endowed with germicidal properties that are also effective on viruses. The effect of softer UV-B and UV-A photons, which copiously reach the Earth’s surface, on viruses are instead little studied, particularly on single-stranded RN...

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Autores principales: Nicastro, Fabrizio, Sironi, Giorgia, Antonello, Elio, Bianco, Andrea, Biasin, Mara, Brucato, John R., Ermolli, Ilaria, Pareschi, Giovanni, Salvati, Marta, Tozzi, Paolo, Trabattoni, Daria, Clerici, Mario
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8292397/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34285313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94417-9
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author Nicastro, Fabrizio
Sironi, Giorgia
Antonello, Elio
Bianco, Andrea
Biasin, Mara
Brucato, John R.
Ermolli, Ilaria
Pareschi, Giovanni
Salvati, Marta
Tozzi, Paolo
Trabattoni, Daria
Clerici, Mario
author_facet Nicastro, Fabrizio
Sironi, Giorgia
Antonello, Elio
Bianco, Andrea
Biasin, Mara
Brucato, John R.
Ermolli, Ilaria
Pareschi, Giovanni
Salvati, Marta
Tozzi, Paolo
Trabattoni, Daria
Clerici, Mario
author_sort Nicastro, Fabrizio
collection PubMed
description Solar UV-C photons do not reach Earth’s surface, but are known to be endowed with germicidal properties that are also effective on viruses. The effect of softer UV-B and UV-A photons, which copiously reach the Earth’s surface, on viruses are instead little studied, particularly on single-stranded RNA viruses. Here we combine our measurements of the action spectrum of Covid-19 in response to UV light, Solar irradiation measurements on Earth during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics, worldwide recorded Covid-19 mortality data and our “Solar-Pump” diffusive model of epidemics to show that (a) UV-B/A photons have a powerful virucidal effect on the single-stranded RNA virus Covid-19 and that (b) the Solar radiation that reaches temperate regions of the Earth at noon during summers, is sufficient to inactivate 63% of virions in open-space concentrations (1.5 × 10(3) TCID(50)/mL, higher than typical aerosol) in less than 2 min. We conclude that the characteristic seasonality imprint displayed world-wide by the SARS-Cov-2 mortality time-series throughout the diffusion of the outbreak (with temperate regions showing clear seasonal trends and equatorial regions suffering, on average, a systematically lower mortality), might have been efficiently set by the different intensity of UV-B/A Solar radiation hitting different Earth’s locations at different times of the year. Our results suggest that Solar UV-B/A play an important role in planning strategies of confinement of the epidemics, which should be worked out and set up during spring/summer months and fully implemented during low-solar-irradiation periods.
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spelling pubmed-82923972021-07-22 Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 Nicastro, Fabrizio Sironi, Giorgia Antonello, Elio Bianco, Andrea Biasin, Mara Brucato, John R. Ermolli, Ilaria Pareschi, Giovanni Salvati, Marta Tozzi, Paolo Trabattoni, Daria Clerici, Mario Sci Rep Article Solar UV-C photons do not reach Earth’s surface, but are known to be endowed with germicidal properties that are also effective on viruses. The effect of softer UV-B and UV-A photons, which copiously reach the Earth’s surface, on viruses are instead little studied, particularly on single-stranded RNA viruses. Here we combine our measurements of the action spectrum of Covid-19 in response to UV light, Solar irradiation measurements on Earth during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics, worldwide recorded Covid-19 mortality data and our “Solar-Pump” diffusive model of epidemics to show that (a) UV-B/A photons have a powerful virucidal effect on the single-stranded RNA virus Covid-19 and that (b) the Solar radiation that reaches temperate regions of the Earth at noon during summers, is sufficient to inactivate 63% of virions in open-space concentrations (1.5 × 10(3) TCID(50)/mL, higher than typical aerosol) in less than 2 min. We conclude that the characteristic seasonality imprint displayed world-wide by the SARS-Cov-2 mortality time-series throughout the diffusion of the outbreak (with temperate regions showing clear seasonal trends and equatorial regions suffering, on average, a systematically lower mortality), might have been efficiently set by the different intensity of UV-B/A Solar radiation hitting different Earth’s locations at different times of the year. Our results suggest that Solar UV-B/A play an important role in planning strategies of confinement of the epidemics, which should be worked out and set up during spring/summer months and fully implemented during low-solar-irradiation periods. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8292397/ /pubmed/34285313 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94417-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Nicastro, Fabrizio
Sironi, Giorgia
Antonello, Elio
Bianco, Andrea
Biasin, Mara
Brucato, John R.
Ermolli, Ilaria
Pareschi, Giovanni
Salvati, Marta
Tozzi, Paolo
Trabattoni, Daria
Clerici, Mario
Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title_full Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title_short Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2
title_sort solar uv-b/a radiation is highly effective in inactivating sars-cov-2
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8292397/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34285313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94417-9
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