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Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions
Theoretical scheme is developed to study thermoreversible gelation interfering with liquid–liquid phase separation in mixtures of reactive f-functional molecules R{A [Formula: see text]} and g-functional ones R{B [Formula: see text]} dissolved in a common solvent. Formed polymer networks are assumed...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34287309 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7030089 |
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author | Tanaka, Fumihiko |
author_facet | Tanaka, Fumihiko |
author_sort | Tanaka, Fumihiko |
collection | PubMed |
description | Theoretical scheme is developed to study thermoreversible gelation interfering with liquid–liquid phase separation in mixtures of reactive f-functional molecules R{A [Formula: see text]} and g-functional ones R{B [Formula: see text]} dissolved in a common solvent. Formed polymer networks are assumed to include multiple cross-link junctions containing arbitrary numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of functional groups A and B of each species. Sol-gel transition lines and spinodal lines are drawn on the ternary phase plane for some important models of multiple cross-link junctions with specified microscopic structure. It is shown that, if the cross-link structure satisfies a certain simple condition, there appears a special molar ratio of the two functional groups at which gelation takes place with a lowest concentration of the solute molecules, as has been often observed in the experiments. This optimal gelation concentration depends on f and g (functionality) of the solute molecules and the numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (multiplicity) of the functional groups in a cross-link junction. For cross-links which allow variable multiplicity, special attention is paid on the perfectly immiscible cross-links leading to interpenetrating polymer networks, and also on perfectly miscible cross-links leading to reentrant sol-gel-sol transition. Results are compared with recent observations on ion-binding polymer solutions, polymer solutions forming recognizable biomolecular complexes, polymer/surfactant mixtures, hydrogen-bonding polymers, and hydrophobically-modified amphiphilic water-soluble polymers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8293203 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82932032021-07-22 Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions Tanaka, Fumihiko Gels Article Theoretical scheme is developed to study thermoreversible gelation interfering with liquid–liquid phase separation in mixtures of reactive f-functional molecules R{A [Formula: see text]} and g-functional ones R{B [Formula: see text]} dissolved in a common solvent. Formed polymer networks are assumed to include multiple cross-link junctions containing arbitrary numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of functional groups A and B of each species. Sol-gel transition lines and spinodal lines are drawn on the ternary phase plane for some important models of multiple cross-link junctions with specified microscopic structure. It is shown that, if the cross-link structure satisfies a certain simple condition, there appears a special molar ratio of the two functional groups at which gelation takes place with a lowest concentration of the solute molecules, as has been often observed in the experiments. This optimal gelation concentration depends on f and g (functionality) of the solute molecules and the numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (multiplicity) of the functional groups in a cross-link junction. For cross-links which allow variable multiplicity, special attention is paid on the perfectly immiscible cross-links leading to interpenetrating polymer networks, and also on perfectly miscible cross-links leading to reentrant sol-gel-sol transition. Results are compared with recent observations on ion-binding polymer solutions, polymer solutions forming recognizable biomolecular complexes, polymer/surfactant mixtures, hydrogen-bonding polymers, and hydrophobically-modified amphiphilic water-soluble polymers. MDPI 2021-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8293203/ /pubmed/34287309 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7030089 Text en © 2021 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tanaka, Fumihiko Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title | Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title_full | Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title_fullStr | Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title_full_unstemmed | Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title_short | Thermoreversible Gelation with Two-Component Mixed Cross-Link Junctions of Variable Multiplicity in Ternary Polymer Solutions |
title_sort | thermoreversible gelation with two-component mixed cross-link junctions of variable multiplicity in ternary polymer solutions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34287309 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7030089 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tanakafumihiko thermoreversiblegelationwithtwocomponentmixedcrosslinkjunctionsofvariablemultiplicityinternarypolymersolutions |