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Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026 |
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author | Latimer, Dustin R. Edinoff, Amber N. Ruff, Rachel D. Rooney, Kelsey C. Penny, Kayla M. Patel, Shaan B. Sabbenahalli, Suresh Kaye, Adam M. Cornett, Elyse M. Viswanath, Omar Urits, Ivan Kaye, Alan D. |
author_facet | Latimer, Dustin R. Edinoff, Amber N. Ruff, Rachel D. Rooney, Kelsey C. Penny, Kayla M. Patel, Shaan B. Sabbenahalli, Suresh Kaye, Adam M. Cornett, Elyse M. Viswanath, Omar Urits, Ivan Kaye, Alan D. |
author_sort | Latimer, Dustin R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to have similar efficacy; however, they all share a commonality of having side effects that have the potential to significantly reduce a patient’s quality of life. Cenobamate, a newly-FDA approved drug used to treat partial-onset seizures in adult patients, has demonstrated promise in that it works on two proposed mechanisms that are commonly associated with epilepsy. Cenobamate acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) ion channels and is effective in reducing repetitive neuronal firing by inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels, although the complete mechanism of action is currently unknown. The efficacy of Cenobamate with its low toxicity and adverse drug reaction profile emphasizes the need to further evaluate antiepileptic therapies containing sulfamoylphenyl and/or carbamate moieties in their chemical structure. Recent studies have found more patients to be seizure free during the maintenance period when compared to placebo. The most common side effects reported in with Cenobamate are somnolence, dizziness, headache, nausea, and fatigue. There are currently ongoing phase III studies looking to further evaluate the long-term benefits of Cenobamate and investigate adverse events. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8293325 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82933252021-07-22 Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications Latimer, Dustin R. Edinoff, Amber N. Ruff, Rachel D. Rooney, Kelsey C. Penny, Kayla M. Patel, Shaan B. Sabbenahalli, Suresh Kaye, Adam M. Cornett, Elyse M. Viswanath, Omar Urits, Ivan Kaye, Alan D. Neurol Int Review Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to have similar efficacy; however, they all share a commonality of having side effects that have the potential to significantly reduce a patient’s quality of life. Cenobamate, a newly-FDA approved drug used to treat partial-onset seizures in adult patients, has demonstrated promise in that it works on two proposed mechanisms that are commonly associated with epilepsy. Cenobamate acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) ion channels and is effective in reducing repetitive neuronal firing by inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels, although the complete mechanism of action is currently unknown. The efficacy of Cenobamate with its low toxicity and adverse drug reaction profile emphasizes the need to further evaluate antiepileptic therapies containing sulfamoylphenyl and/or carbamate moieties in their chemical structure. Recent studies have found more patients to be seizure free during the maintenance period when compared to placebo. The most common side effects reported in with Cenobamate are somnolence, dizziness, headache, nausea, and fatigue. There are currently ongoing phase III studies looking to further evaluate the long-term benefits of Cenobamate and investigate adverse events. MDPI 2021-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8293325/ /pubmed/34207493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Latimer, Dustin R. Edinoff, Amber N. Ruff, Rachel D. Rooney, Kelsey C. Penny, Kayla M. Patel, Shaan B. Sabbenahalli, Suresh Kaye, Adam M. Cornett, Elyse M. Viswanath, Omar Urits, Ivan Kaye, Alan D. Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title | Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title_full | Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title_fullStr | Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title_full_unstemmed | Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title_short | Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications |
title_sort | cenobamate, a sodium channel inhibitor and positive allosteric modulator of gaba(a) ion channels, for partial onset seizures in adults: a comprehensive review and clinical implications |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026 |
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