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Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications

Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to h...

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Autores principales: Latimer, Dustin R., Edinoff, Amber N., Ruff, Rachel D., Rooney, Kelsey C., Penny, Kayla M., Patel, Shaan B., Sabbenahalli, Suresh, Kaye, Adam M., Cornett, Elyse M., Viswanath, Omar, Urits, Ivan, Kaye, Alan D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293325/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207493
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026
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author Latimer, Dustin R.
Edinoff, Amber N.
Ruff, Rachel D.
Rooney, Kelsey C.
Penny, Kayla M.
Patel, Shaan B.
Sabbenahalli, Suresh
Kaye, Adam M.
Cornett, Elyse M.
Viswanath, Omar
Urits, Ivan
Kaye, Alan D.
author_facet Latimer, Dustin R.
Edinoff, Amber N.
Ruff, Rachel D.
Rooney, Kelsey C.
Penny, Kayla M.
Patel, Shaan B.
Sabbenahalli, Suresh
Kaye, Adam M.
Cornett, Elyse M.
Viswanath, Omar
Urits, Ivan
Kaye, Alan D.
author_sort Latimer, Dustin R.
collection PubMed
description Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to have similar efficacy; however, they all share a commonality of having side effects that have the potential to significantly reduce a patient’s quality of life. Cenobamate, a newly-FDA approved drug used to treat partial-onset seizures in adult patients, has demonstrated promise in that it works on two proposed mechanisms that are commonly associated with epilepsy. Cenobamate acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) ion channels and is effective in reducing repetitive neuronal firing by inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels, although the complete mechanism of action is currently unknown. The efficacy of Cenobamate with its low toxicity and adverse drug reaction profile emphasizes the need to further evaluate antiepileptic therapies containing sulfamoylphenyl and/or carbamate moieties in their chemical structure. Recent studies have found more patients to be seizure free during the maintenance period when compared to placebo. The most common side effects reported in with Cenobamate are somnolence, dizziness, headache, nausea, and fatigue. There are currently ongoing phase III studies looking to further evaluate the long-term benefits of Cenobamate and investigate adverse events.
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spelling pubmed-82933252021-07-22 Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications Latimer, Dustin R. Edinoff, Amber N. Ruff, Rachel D. Rooney, Kelsey C. Penny, Kayla M. Patel, Shaan B. Sabbenahalli, Suresh Kaye, Adam M. Cornett, Elyse M. Viswanath, Omar Urits, Ivan Kaye, Alan D. Neurol Int Review Medical management of epilepsy seeks to eliminate or to reduce the frequency of seizures, help patients maintain a normal lifestyle, and maintain psychosocial and occupational activities, while avoiding the negative side effects of long-term treatment. Current FDA approved drugs have been shown to have similar efficacy; however, they all share a commonality of having side effects that have the potential to significantly reduce a patient’s quality of life. Cenobamate, a newly-FDA approved drug used to treat partial-onset seizures in adult patients, has demonstrated promise in that it works on two proposed mechanisms that are commonly associated with epilepsy. Cenobamate acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) ion channels and is effective in reducing repetitive neuronal firing by inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels, although the complete mechanism of action is currently unknown. The efficacy of Cenobamate with its low toxicity and adverse drug reaction profile emphasizes the need to further evaluate antiepileptic therapies containing sulfamoylphenyl and/or carbamate moieties in their chemical structure. Recent studies have found more patients to be seizure free during the maintenance period when compared to placebo. The most common side effects reported in with Cenobamate are somnolence, dizziness, headache, nausea, and fatigue. There are currently ongoing phase III studies looking to further evaluate the long-term benefits of Cenobamate and investigate adverse events. MDPI 2021-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8293325/ /pubmed/34207493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Latimer, Dustin R.
Edinoff, Amber N.
Ruff, Rachel D.
Rooney, Kelsey C.
Penny, Kayla M.
Patel, Shaan B.
Sabbenahalli, Suresh
Kaye, Adam M.
Cornett, Elyse M.
Viswanath, Omar
Urits, Ivan
Kaye, Alan D.
Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title_full Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title_fullStr Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title_full_unstemmed Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title_short Cenobamate, a Sodium Channel Inhibitor and Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA(A) Ion Channels, for Partial Onset Seizures in Adults: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications
title_sort cenobamate, a sodium channel inhibitor and positive allosteric modulator of gaba(a) ion channels, for partial onset seizures in adults: a comprehensive review and clinical implications
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293325/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207493
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13020026
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