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Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus

From 2013 to 2018, the Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Disease–Health Science Center (TRC-EID-HS), in collaboration with the Department of Disease Control (DDC) and the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) Thailand, conducted encephalitis surveillance. A total of 1700 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample...

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Autores principales: Hemachudha, Pasin, Petcharat, Sininat, Hinjoy, Soawapak, Saraya, Abhinbhen W., Hemachudha, Thiravat
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34209032
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030117
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author Hemachudha, Pasin
Petcharat, Sininat
Hinjoy, Soawapak
Saraya, Abhinbhen W.
Hemachudha, Thiravat
author_facet Hemachudha, Pasin
Petcharat, Sininat
Hinjoy, Soawapak
Saraya, Abhinbhen W.
Hemachudha, Thiravat
author_sort Hemachudha, Pasin
collection PubMed
description From 2013 to 2018, the Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Disease–Health Science Center (TRC-EID-HS), in collaboration with the Department of Disease Control (DDC) and the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) Thailand, conducted encephalitis surveillance. A total of 1700 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with encephalitis were tested by a predesigned multiplex PCR. Diagnosis was made in 318 cases (18.7%), 86 (27%) of which were caused by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), 55 (17.3%) by enteroviruses (EV), 36 (11.3%) by varicella–zoster virus (VZV), 31 (9.7%) by cytomegalovirus (CMV), 25 (7.8%) by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and 20 (6.3%) by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Results were compared with 3099 CSF samples from patients with encephalitis collected between 2002 to 2012, which were tested by specific PCR assays. Diagnosis was made in 337 (10.9%) of these cases, and 91 (27%) were CMV, 79 (23.4%) were VZV, 72 (21.4%) were EBV, 39 (11.6%) were EVs, 39 (11.6%) were HSV-1, 33 (9.8%) were HSV-2, and 2 (0.6%) were Dengue virus (DENV). The change in the pattern toward EVs as a major cause of viral encephalitis was unexpected, and a change in viral neurotropism may be responsible.
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spelling pubmed-82933612021-07-22 Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus Hemachudha, Pasin Petcharat, Sininat Hinjoy, Soawapak Saraya, Abhinbhen W. Hemachudha, Thiravat Trop Med Infect Dis Communication From 2013 to 2018, the Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Disease–Health Science Center (TRC-EID-HS), in collaboration with the Department of Disease Control (DDC) and the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) Thailand, conducted encephalitis surveillance. A total of 1700 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with encephalitis were tested by a predesigned multiplex PCR. Diagnosis was made in 318 cases (18.7%), 86 (27%) of which were caused by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), 55 (17.3%) by enteroviruses (EV), 36 (11.3%) by varicella–zoster virus (VZV), 31 (9.7%) by cytomegalovirus (CMV), 25 (7.8%) by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and 20 (6.3%) by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Results were compared with 3099 CSF samples from patients with encephalitis collected between 2002 to 2012, which were tested by specific PCR assays. Diagnosis was made in 337 (10.9%) of these cases, and 91 (27%) were CMV, 79 (23.4%) were VZV, 72 (21.4%) were EBV, 39 (11.6%) were EVs, 39 (11.6%) were HSV-1, 33 (9.8%) were HSV-2, and 2 (0.6%) were Dengue virus (DENV). The change in the pattern toward EVs as a major cause of viral encephalitis was unexpected, and a change in viral neurotropism may be responsible. MDPI 2021-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8293361/ /pubmed/34209032 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030117 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Hemachudha, Pasin
Petcharat, Sininat
Hinjoy, Soawapak
Saraya, Abhinbhen W.
Hemachudha, Thiravat
Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title_full Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title_fullStr Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title_full_unstemmed Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title_short Encephalitis in Thailand: A Neglected Disease Increasingly Caused by Enterovirus
title_sort encephalitis in thailand: a neglected disease increasingly caused by enterovirus
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34209032
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030117
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