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Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults

BACKGROUND: Previous research has identified a small subgroup of older adults that maintain a high level of cognitive functioning well into advanced age. Investigation of those with superior cognitive performance (SCP) for their age is important, as age-related decline has previously been thought to...

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Autores principales: Gardener, Samantha L., Weinborn, Michael, Sohrabi, Hamid R., Doecke, James D., Bourgeat, Pierrick, Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R., Shen, Kai-kai, Fripp, Jurgen, Taddei, Kevin, Maruff, Paul, Salvado, Olivier, Savage, Greg, Ames, David, Masters, Colin L., Rowe, Christopher C., Martins, Ralph N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: IOS Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33935071
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-201243
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author Gardener, Samantha L.
Weinborn, Michael
Sohrabi, Hamid R.
Doecke, James D.
Bourgeat, Pierrick
Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R.
Shen, Kai-kai
Fripp, Jurgen
Taddei, Kevin
Maruff, Paul
Salvado, Olivier
Savage, Greg
Ames, David
Masters, Colin L.
Rowe, Christopher C.
Martins, Ralph N.
author_facet Gardener, Samantha L.
Weinborn, Michael
Sohrabi, Hamid R.
Doecke, James D.
Bourgeat, Pierrick
Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R.
Shen, Kai-kai
Fripp, Jurgen
Taddei, Kevin
Maruff, Paul
Salvado, Olivier
Savage, Greg
Ames, David
Masters, Colin L.
Rowe, Christopher C.
Martins, Ralph N.
author_sort Gardener, Samantha L.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Previous research has identified a small subgroup of older adults that maintain a high level of cognitive functioning well into advanced age. Investigation of those with superior cognitive performance (SCP) for their age is important, as age-related decline has previously been thought to be inevitable. OBJECTIVE: Preservation of cortical thickness and volume was evaluated in 76 older adults with SCP and 100 typical older adults (TOAs) assessed up to five times over six years. METHODS: Regions of interest (ROIs) found to have been associated with super-aging status (a construct similar to SCP status) in previous literature were investigated, followed by a discovery phase analyses of additional regions. SCPs were aged 70 + at baseline, scoring at/above normative memory (CVLT-II) levels for demographically similar individuals aged 30–44 years old, and in the unimpaired range for all other cognitive domains over the course of the study. RESULTS: In linear mixed models, following adjustment for multiple comparisons, there were no significant differences between rates of thinning or volume atrophy between SCPs and TOAs in previously identified ROIs, or the discovery phase analyses. With only amyloid-β negative individuals in the analyses, again there were no significant differences between SCPs and TOAs. CONCLUSION: The increased methodological rigor in classifying groups, together with the influence of cognitive reserve, are discussed as potential factors accounting for our findings as compared to the extant literature on those with superior cognitive performance for their age.
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spelling pubmed-82936532021-08-05 Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults Gardener, Samantha L. Weinborn, Michael Sohrabi, Hamid R. Doecke, James D. Bourgeat, Pierrick Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R. Shen, Kai-kai Fripp, Jurgen Taddei, Kevin Maruff, Paul Salvado, Olivier Savage, Greg Ames, David Masters, Colin L. Rowe, Christopher C. Martins, Ralph N. J Alzheimers Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Previous research has identified a small subgroup of older adults that maintain a high level of cognitive functioning well into advanced age. Investigation of those with superior cognitive performance (SCP) for their age is important, as age-related decline has previously been thought to be inevitable. OBJECTIVE: Preservation of cortical thickness and volume was evaluated in 76 older adults with SCP and 100 typical older adults (TOAs) assessed up to five times over six years. METHODS: Regions of interest (ROIs) found to have been associated with super-aging status (a construct similar to SCP status) in previous literature were investigated, followed by a discovery phase analyses of additional regions. SCPs were aged 70 + at baseline, scoring at/above normative memory (CVLT-II) levels for demographically similar individuals aged 30–44 years old, and in the unimpaired range for all other cognitive domains over the course of the study. RESULTS: In linear mixed models, following adjustment for multiple comparisons, there were no significant differences between rates of thinning or volume atrophy between SCPs and TOAs in previously identified ROIs, or the discovery phase analyses. With only amyloid-β negative individuals in the analyses, again there were no significant differences between SCPs and TOAs. CONCLUSION: The increased methodological rigor in classifying groups, together with the influence of cognitive reserve, are discussed as potential factors accounting for our findings as compared to the extant literature on those with superior cognitive performance for their age. IOS Press 2021-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8293653/ /pubmed/33935071 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-201243 Text en © 2021 – The authors. Published by IOS Press https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Gardener, Samantha L.
Weinborn, Michael
Sohrabi, Hamid R.
Doecke, James D.
Bourgeat, Pierrick
Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R.
Shen, Kai-kai
Fripp, Jurgen
Taddei, Kevin
Maruff, Paul
Salvado, Olivier
Savage, Greg
Ames, David
Masters, Colin L.
Rowe, Christopher C.
Martins, Ralph N.
Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title_full Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title_fullStr Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title_full_unstemmed Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title_short Longitudinal Trajectories in Cortical Thickness and Volume Atrophy: Superior Cognitive Performance Does Not Protect Against Brain Atrophy in Older Adults
title_sort longitudinal trajectories in cortical thickness and volume atrophy: superior cognitive performance does not protect against brain atrophy in older adults
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33935071
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-201243
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