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SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns

There are still many unanswered questions concerning viral SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in COVID-19. Accessory proteins in SARS-CoV-2 consist of eleven viral proteins whose roles during infection are still not completely understood. Here, a review on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins...

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Autores principales: Redondo, Natalia, Zaldívar-López, Sara, Garrido, Juan J., Montoya, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34305949
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708264
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author Redondo, Natalia
Zaldívar-López, Sara
Garrido, Juan J.
Montoya, Maria
author_facet Redondo, Natalia
Zaldívar-López, Sara
Garrido, Juan J.
Montoya, Maria
author_sort Redondo, Natalia
collection PubMed
description There are still many unanswered questions concerning viral SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in COVID-19. Accessory proteins in SARS-CoV-2 consist of eleven viral proteins whose roles during infection are still not completely understood. Here, a review on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins is summarized updating new research that could be critical in understanding SARS-CoV-2 interaction with the host. Some accessory proteins such as ORF3b, ORF6, ORF7a and ORF8 have been shown to be important IFN-I antagonists inducing an impairment in the host immune response. In addition, ORF3a is involved in apoptosis whereas others like ORF9b and ORF9c interact with cellular organelles leading to suppression of the antiviral response in infected cells. However, possible roles of ORF7b and ORF10 are still awaiting to be described. Also, ORF3d has been reassigned. Relevant information on the knowns and the unknowns in these proteins is analyzed, which could be crucial for further understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and to design strategies counteracting their actions evading immune responses in COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-82937422021-07-22 SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns Redondo, Natalia Zaldívar-López, Sara Garrido, Juan J. Montoya, Maria Front Immunol Immunology There are still many unanswered questions concerning viral SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in COVID-19. Accessory proteins in SARS-CoV-2 consist of eleven viral proteins whose roles during infection are still not completely understood. Here, a review on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins is summarized updating new research that could be critical in understanding SARS-CoV-2 interaction with the host. Some accessory proteins such as ORF3b, ORF6, ORF7a and ORF8 have been shown to be important IFN-I antagonists inducing an impairment in the host immune response. In addition, ORF3a is involved in apoptosis whereas others like ORF9b and ORF9c interact with cellular organelles leading to suppression of the antiviral response in infected cells. However, possible roles of ORF7b and ORF10 are still awaiting to be described. Also, ORF3d has been reassigned. Relevant information on the knowns and the unknowns in these proteins is analyzed, which could be crucial for further understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and to design strategies counteracting their actions evading immune responses in COVID-19. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8293742/ /pubmed/34305949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708264 Text en Copyright © 2021 Redondo, Zaldívar-López, Garrido and Montoya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Redondo, Natalia
Zaldívar-López, Sara
Garrido, Juan J.
Montoya, Maria
SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title_full SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title_short SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Proteins in Viral Pathogenesis: Knowns and Unknowns
title_sort sars-cov-2 accessory proteins in viral pathogenesis: knowns and unknowns
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8293742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34305949
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708264
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