Cargando…
Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8296110/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34200762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126290 |
_version_ | 1783725562463780864 |
---|---|
author | Alshahrani, Adel Samy Abdrabo, Mohamed Aly, Sobhy M. Alshahrani, Mastour Saeed Alqhtani, Raee S. Asiri, Faisal Ahmad, Irshad |
author_facet | Alshahrani, Adel Samy Abdrabo, Mohamed Aly, Sobhy M. Alshahrani, Mastour Saeed Alqhtani, Raee S. Asiri, Faisal Ahmad, Irshad |
author_sort | Alshahrani, Adel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total, 40 male students were recruited for this study; 20 of them belonged to the smartphone-addicted group, while the other 20 were in the non-addicted group based on their smartphone addiction scale—short version (SAS-SV) scores (the threshold for determining smartphone addiction: 31/60). Neck flexor endurance time, the ability to perform a neck extensor muscle endurance test, and hand and pinch grip strength were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences in the mean values of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch grip. A significant group effect (Wilks’ lambda = 0.51, F ((5,34)) = 6.34, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.48) was found. A decrease in neck flexor endurance time was observed in the smartphone-addicted group compared with that of the non-addicted group (p < 0.001). However, there was no notable difference in the neck extensor muscle endurance test or in hand grip and pinch grip strength of both hands between groups (p > 0.05). Using a smartphone for a prolonged time might affect neck flexor muscle endurance; however, more research is needed to explore the long-term effects of using smartphones on neck muscle endurance and hand/pinch grip strength and the risk of developing upper limb neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8296110 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82961102021-07-23 Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Alshahrani, Adel Samy Abdrabo, Mohamed Aly, Sobhy M. Alshahrani, Mastour Saeed Alqhtani, Raee S. Asiri, Faisal Ahmad, Irshad Int J Environ Res Public Health Article In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total, 40 male students were recruited for this study; 20 of them belonged to the smartphone-addicted group, while the other 20 were in the non-addicted group based on their smartphone addiction scale—short version (SAS-SV) scores (the threshold for determining smartphone addiction: 31/60). Neck flexor endurance time, the ability to perform a neck extensor muscle endurance test, and hand and pinch grip strength were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences in the mean values of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch grip. A significant group effect (Wilks’ lambda = 0.51, F ((5,34)) = 6.34, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.48) was found. A decrease in neck flexor endurance time was observed in the smartphone-addicted group compared with that of the non-addicted group (p < 0.001). However, there was no notable difference in the neck extensor muscle endurance test or in hand grip and pinch grip strength of both hands between groups (p > 0.05). Using a smartphone for a prolonged time might affect neck flexor muscle endurance; however, more research is needed to explore the long-term effects of using smartphones on neck muscle endurance and hand/pinch grip strength and the risk of developing upper limb neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction. MDPI 2021-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8296110/ /pubmed/34200762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126290 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alshahrani, Adel Samy Abdrabo, Mohamed Aly, Sobhy M. Alshahrani, Mastour Saeed Alqhtani, Raee S. Asiri, Faisal Ahmad, Irshad Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title | Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full | Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_fullStr | Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_short | Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_sort | effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle endurance, hand grip and pinch strength among healthy college students: a cross-sectional study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8296110/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34200762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126290 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT alshahraniadel effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT samyabdrabomohamed effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT alysobhym effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT alshahranimastoursaeed effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT alqhtaniraees effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT asirifaisal effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy AT ahmadirshad effectofsmartphoneusageonneckmuscleendurancehandgripandpinchstrengthamonghealthycollegestudentsacrosssectionalstudy |