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Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review
Background: Social environments are a contributing determinant of health and disparities. This scoping review details how social environments have been operationalized in observational studies of cognitive aging and dementia. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science identified studi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8296955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34281103 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137166 |
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author | Peterson, Rachel L. George, Kristen M. Tran, Duyen Malladi, Pallavi Gilsanz, Paola Kind, Amy J. H. Whitmer, Rachel A. Besser, Lilah M. Meyer, Oanh L. |
author_facet | Peterson, Rachel L. George, Kristen M. Tran, Duyen Malladi, Pallavi Gilsanz, Paola Kind, Amy J. H. Whitmer, Rachel A. Besser, Lilah M. Meyer, Oanh L. |
author_sort | Peterson, Rachel L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Social environments are a contributing determinant of health and disparities. This scoping review details how social environments have been operationalized in observational studies of cognitive aging and dementia. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science identified studies of social environment exposures and late-life cognition/dementia outcomes. Data were extracted on (1) study design; (2) population; (3) social environment(s); (4) cognitive outcome(s); (5) analytic approach; and (6) theorized causal pathways. Studies were organized using a 3-tiered social ecological model at interpersonal, community, or policy levels. Results: Of 7802 non-duplicated articles, 123 studies met inclusion criteria. Eighty-four studies were longitudinal (range 1–28 years) and 16 examined time-varying social environments. When sorted into social ecological levels, 91 studies examined the interpersonal level; 37 examined the community/neighborhood level; 3 examined policy level social environments; and 7 studies examined more than one level. Conclusions: Most studies of social environments and cognitive aging and dementia examined interpersonal factors measured at a single point in time. Few assessed time-varying social environmental factors or considered multiple social ecological levels. Future studies can help clarify opportunities for intervention by delineating if, when, and how social environments shape late-life cognitive aging and dementia outcomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8296955 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82969552021-07-23 Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review Peterson, Rachel L. George, Kristen M. Tran, Duyen Malladi, Pallavi Gilsanz, Paola Kind, Amy J. H. Whitmer, Rachel A. Besser, Lilah M. Meyer, Oanh L. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Background: Social environments are a contributing determinant of health and disparities. This scoping review details how social environments have been operationalized in observational studies of cognitive aging and dementia. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science identified studies of social environment exposures and late-life cognition/dementia outcomes. Data were extracted on (1) study design; (2) population; (3) social environment(s); (4) cognitive outcome(s); (5) analytic approach; and (6) theorized causal pathways. Studies were organized using a 3-tiered social ecological model at interpersonal, community, or policy levels. Results: Of 7802 non-duplicated articles, 123 studies met inclusion criteria. Eighty-four studies were longitudinal (range 1–28 years) and 16 examined time-varying social environments. When sorted into social ecological levels, 91 studies examined the interpersonal level; 37 examined the community/neighborhood level; 3 examined policy level social environments; and 7 studies examined more than one level. Conclusions: Most studies of social environments and cognitive aging and dementia examined interpersonal factors measured at a single point in time. Few assessed time-varying social environmental factors or considered multiple social ecological levels. Future studies can help clarify opportunities for intervention by delineating if, when, and how social environments shape late-life cognitive aging and dementia outcomes. MDPI 2021-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8296955/ /pubmed/34281103 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137166 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Peterson, Rachel L. George, Kristen M. Tran, Duyen Malladi, Pallavi Gilsanz, Paola Kind, Amy J. H. Whitmer, Rachel A. Besser, Lilah M. Meyer, Oanh L. Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title | Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title_full | Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title_fullStr | Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title_short | Operationalizing Social Environments in Cognitive Aging and Dementia Research: A Scoping Review |
title_sort | operationalizing social environments in cognitive aging and dementia research: a scoping review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8296955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34281103 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137166 |
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