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12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial

OBJECTIVES: Resistance training (RT) is a promising strategy to slow or prevent fluid cognitive decline during aging. However, the effects of strength-specific RT programs have received little attention. The purpose of this single-group proof of concept clinical trial was to determine whether a 12-w...

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Autores principales: Macaulay, Timothy R., Pa, Judy, Kutch, Jason J., Lane, Christianne J., Duncan, Dominique, Yan, Lirong, Schroeder, E. Todd
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8297768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34293060
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255018
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author Macaulay, Timothy R.
Pa, Judy
Kutch, Jason J.
Lane, Christianne J.
Duncan, Dominique
Yan, Lirong
Schroeder, E. Todd
author_facet Macaulay, Timothy R.
Pa, Judy
Kutch, Jason J.
Lane, Christianne J.
Duncan, Dominique
Yan, Lirong
Schroeder, E. Todd
author_sort Macaulay, Timothy R.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Resistance training (RT) is a promising strategy to slow or prevent fluid cognitive decline during aging. However, the effects of strength-specific RT programs have received little attention. The purpose of this single-group proof of concept clinical trial was to determine whether a 12-week strength training (ST) program could improve fluid cognition in healthy older adults 60 to 80 years of age, and to explore concomitant physiological and psychological changes. METHODS: Twenty participants (69.1 ± 5.8 years, 14 women) completed this study with no drop-outs or severe adverse events. Baseline assessments were completed before an initial 12-week control period, then participants were re-tested at pre-intervention and after the 12-week ST intervention. The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and standard physical and psychological measures were administered at all three time points. During the 36 sessions of periodized ST (3 sessions per week), participants were supervised by an exercise specialist and challenged via autoregulatory load progression. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability over the control period was good for fluid cognition and excellent for crystallized cognition. Fluid composite scores significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention (8.2 ± 6.1%, p < 0.01, d = 1.27), while crystallized composite scores did not (-0.5 ± 2.8%, p = 0.46, d = -0.34). Performance on individual fluid instruments, including executive function, attention, working memory, and processing speed, also significantly improved. Surprisingly, changes in fluid composite scores had small negative correlations with changes in muscular strength and sleep quality, but a small positive correlation with changes in muscular power. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, improvements in fluid cognition can be safely achieved in older adults using a 12-week high-intensity ST program, but further controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings. Furthermore, the relationship with other widespread physiological and psychological benefits remains unclear.
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spelling pubmed-82977682021-07-31 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial Macaulay, Timothy R. Pa, Judy Kutch, Jason J. Lane, Christianne J. Duncan, Dominique Yan, Lirong Schroeder, E. Todd PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVES: Resistance training (RT) is a promising strategy to slow or prevent fluid cognitive decline during aging. However, the effects of strength-specific RT programs have received little attention. The purpose of this single-group proof of concept clinical trial was to determine whether a 12-week strength training (ST) program could improve fluid cognition in healthy older adults 60 to 80 years of age, and to explore concomitant physiological and psychological changes. METHODS: Twenty participants (69.1 ± 5.8 years, 14 women) completed this study with no drop-outs or severe adverse events. Baseline assessments were completed before an initial 12-week control period, then participants were re-tested at pre-intervention and after the 12-week ST intervention. The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and standard physical and psychological measures were administered at all three time points. During the 36 sessions of periodized ST (3 sessions per week), participants were supervised by an exercise specialist and challenged via autoregulatory load progression. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability over the control period was good for fluid cognition and excellent for crystallized cognition. Fluid composite scores significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention (8.2 ± 6.1%, p < 0.01, d = 1.27), while crystallized composite scores did not (-0.5 ± 2.8%, p = 0.46, d = -0.34). Performance on individual fluid instruments, including executive function, attention, working memory, and processing speed, also significantly improved. Surprisingly, changes in fluid composite scores had small negative correlations with changes in muscular strength and sleep quality, but a small positive correlation with changes in muscular power. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, improvements in fluid cognition can be safely achieved in older adults using a 12-week high-intensity ST program, but further controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings. Furthermore, the relationship with other widespread physiological and psychological benefits remains unclear. Public Library of Science 2021-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8297768/ /pubmed/34293060 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255018 Text en © 2021 Macaulay et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Macaulay, Timothy R.
Pa, Judy
Kutch, Jason J.
Lane, Christianne J.
Duncan, Dominique
Yan, Lirong
Schroeder, E. Todd
12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title_full 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title_fullStr 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title_full_unstemmed 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title_short 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: A nonrandomized pilot trial
title_sort 12 weeks of strength training improves fluid cognition in older adults: a nonrandomized pilot trial
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8297768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34293060
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255018
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