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Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population
Consumption of fresh fruit is known to protect against non-communicable diseases due to the fruit's content in compounds with an antioxidant capacity, among them is polyphenols. Asian plums (Prunus salicina L.) accumulate more than 40 phenolic compounds, with a remarkable diversity in their pro...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8299277/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34305977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.679059 |
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author | Valderrama-Soto, Diego Salazar, Juan Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne Silva-Andrade, Claudia Gardana, Claudio Morales, Héctor Battistoni, Benjamin Jiménez-Muñoz, Pablo González, Mauricio Peña-Neira, Álvaro Infante, Rodrigo Pacheco, Igor |
author_facet | Valderrama-Soto, Diego Salazar, Juan Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne Silva-Andrade, Claudia Gardana, Claudio Morales, Héctor Battistoni, Benjamin Jiménez-Muñoz, Pablo González, Mauricio Peña-Neira, Álvaro Infante, Rodrigo Pacheco, Igor |
author_sort | Valderrama-Soto, Diego |
collection | PubMed |
description | Consumption of fresh fruit is known to protect against non-communicable diseases due to the fruit's content in compounds with an antioxidant capacity, among them is polyphenols. Asian plums (Prunus salicina L.) accumulate more than 40 phenolic compounds, with a remarkable diversity in their profiles, depending on the variety and environmental conditions. Although candidate genes have been indicated to control this trait, the loci controlling its phenotypic variation have not yet been defined in this species. The aim of this work was to identify the quantitative trait Loci (QTL) controlling the phenolic compounds content in the Asian plum skin and flesh. Using UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap-MS, we determined that cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside are the main anthocyanins in Asian plums. Other anthocyanins found to a lesser extent were tentatively identified as cyanidin bound to different sugar and procyanidin moieties. Then we phenotyped fruits of 92 and 80 F1 seedlings from the cross < “98.99” × “Angeleno”> (98 Ang) for two harvest seasons. We used HPLC-DAD to quantify single anthocyanin and spectrophotometric techniques to determine the total content of phenols, flavonoids, procyanidins, and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). To determine the phenotype-genotype association of phenolic compounds content, phenotypic values (adjusted by linear mixed-effects models), genotypic data and linkage maps were analyzed with the multiple QTL model (MQM) approach. We found a total of 21 significant trait-marker associations: 13 QTLs segregating from “98.99” and 8 QTLs from “Angeleno.” From these associations, 8 corresponded to phenolic compound content in the flesh and 13 in the skin. Phenotype variance was explained by the detected loci, ranging from 12.4 to 27.1%. The identified loci are related to the content of cyanidin-3-glucoside (LG4), cyanidin-3-rutinoside (LG4), total flavonoids and procyanidins (LG5 and LG8), and minor anthocyanin compounds (LG3 and LG4). These results will help improve the efficiency of breeding programs for the generation of Asian plum varieties with high phenolic compound content. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8299277 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82992772021-07-24 Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population Valderrama-Soto, Diego Salazar, Juan Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne Silva-Andrade, Claudia Gardana, Claudio Morales, Héctor Battistoni, Benjamin Jiménez-Muñoz, Pablo González, Mauricio Peña-Neira, Álvaro Infante, Rodrigo Pacheco, Igor Front Plant Sci Plant Science Consumption of fresh fruit is known to protect against non-communicable diseases due to the fruit's content in compounds with an antioxidant capacity, among them is polyphenols. Asian plums (Prunus salicina L.) accumulate more than 40 phenolic compounds, with a remarkable diversity in their profiles, depending on the variety and environmental conditions. Although candidate genes have been indicated to control this trait, the loci controlling its phenotypic variation have not yet been defined in this species. The aim of this work was to identify the quantitative trait Loci (QTL) controlling the phenolic compounds content in the Asian plum skin and flesh. Using UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap-MS, we determined that cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside are the main anthocyanins in Asian plums. Other anthocyanins found to a lesser extent were tentatively identified as cyanidin bound to different sugar and procyanidin moieties. Then we phenotyped fruits of 92 and 80 F1 seedlings from the cross < “98.99” × “Angeleno”> (98 Ang) for two harvest seasons. We used HPLC-DAD to quantify single anthocyanin and spectrophotometric techniques to determine the total content of phenols, flavonoids, procyanidins, and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). To determine the phenotype-genotype association of phenolic compounds content, phenotypic values (adjusted by linear mixed-effects models), genotypic data and linkage maps were analyzed with the multiple QTL model (MQM) approach. We found a total of 21 significant trait-marker associations: 13 QTLs segregating from “98.99” and 8 QTLs from “Angeleno.” From these associations, 8 corresponded to phenolic compound content in the flesh and 13 in the skin. Phenotype variance was explained by the detected loci, ranging from 12.4 to 27.1%. The identified loci are related to the content of cyanidin-3-glucoside (LG4), cyanidin-3-rutinoside (LG4), total flavonoids and procyanidins (LG5 and LG8), and minor anthocyanin compounds (LG3 and LG4). These results will help improve the efficiency of breeding programs for the generation of Asian plum varieties with high phenolic compound content. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8299277/ /pubmed/34305977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.679059 Text en Copyright © 2021 Valderrama-Soto, Salazar, Sepúlveda-González, Silva-Andrade, Gardana, Morales, Battistoni, Jiménez-Muñoz, González, Peña-Neira, Infante and Pacheco. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Valderrama-Soto, Diego Salazar, Juan Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne Silva-Andrade, Claudia Gardana, Claudio Morales, Héctor Battistoni, Benjamin Jiménez-Muñoz, Pablo González, Mauricio Peña-Neira, Álvaro Infante, Rodrigo Pacheco, Igor Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title | Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title_full | Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title_fullStr | Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title_short | Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling the Content of Phenolic Compounds in an Asian Plum (Prunus salicina L.) F1 Population |
title_sort | detection of quantitative trait loci controlling the content of phenolic compounds in an asian plum (prunus salicina l.) f1 population |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8299277/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34305977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.679059 |
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