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Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study

SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study assesses the effect of the body condition score (BCS) on productive variables and the acid–base balance in Holstein heifers. For this purpose, two groups were established according to the BCS: a group of 12 animals with an optimal BCS (range 3.25–3.5) and a group of 15 hei...

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Autores principales: Muiño, Rodrigo, Hernández, Joaquín, Benedito, José L., Castillo, Cristina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8300132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072075
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author Muiño, Rodrigo
Hernández, Joaquín
Benedito, José L.
Castillo, Cristina
author_facet Muiño, Rodrigo
Hernández, Joaquín
Benedito, José L.
Castillo, Cristina
author_sort Muiño, Rodrigo
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study assesses the effect of the body condition score (BCS) on productive variables and the acid–base balance in Holstein heifers. For this purpose, two groups were established according to the BCS: a group of 12 animals with an optimal BCS (range 3.25–3.5) and a group of 15 heifers with a BCS higher than 3.5. The study period started one month before calving (BC) and ran until one month after calving (AC). The results showed that the BCS of heifers does not affect milk production in terms of quantity and quality. In addition, the study of acid–base balance variables provides information that contributes additional insights into metabolic changes that can sometimes go unnoticed. ABSTRACT: The study was carried out on 27 healthy primiparous Holstein heifers (620 ± 50 kg) kept in a commercial dairy herd. The animals were divided into two groups taking into account the body condition score (BCS) index: BCS < 3.5, n = 12; BCS > 3.5 n = 15. The study period started one month before calving (BC), and ran until one month after calving (AC). Venous blood samples were collected 1 month and 1 week BC, and 1 week and 1 month AC. This study had two objectives: (i) to assess whether a higher or lower BCS affected total milk production and its quality; (ii) to assess changes in the internal fluid (venous pH; partial pressure of CO(2), ppCO(2); bicarbonate; total CO(2), TCO(2); base excess, BE; electrolytes Na(+), K(+), Cl(−); and anion gap, AG) that occur during this phase depending on the BCS. We can conclude that the BCS at calving does not affect the productive status during lactation, both in terms of the quantity and quality of milk produced. The excess of crude protein (CP) added through the ration in the lactation phase can trigger a tendency to an alkalotic state, in this case compensated by respiratory buffering mechanisms, as reflected by the TCO(2). The changes in electrolytes are a reflection of the movement of free water for milk production, where a balance between measurable anions and cations is observed.
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spelling pubmed-83001322021-07-24 Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study Muiño, Rodrigo Hernández, Joaquín Benedito, José L. Castillo, Cristina Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study assesses the effect of the body condition score (BCS) on productive variables and the acid–base balance in Holstein heifers. For this purpose, two groups were established according to the BCS: a group of 12 animals with an optimal BCS (range 3.25–3.5) and a group of 15 heifers with a BCS higher than 3.5. The study period started one month before calving (BC) and ran until one month after calving (AC). The results showed that the BCS of heifers does not affect milk production in terms of quantity and quality. In addition, the study of acid–base balance variables provides information that contributes additional insights into metabolic changes that can sometimes go unnoticed. ABSTRACT: The study was carried out on 27 healthy primiparous Holstein heifers (620 ± 50 kg) kept in a commercial dairy herd. The animals were divided into two groups taking into account the body condition score (BCS) index: BCS < 3.5, n = 12; BCS > 3.5 n = 15. The study period started one month before calving (BC), and ran until one month after calving (AC). Venous blood samples were collected 1 month and 1 week BC, and 1 week and 1 month AC. This study had two objectives: (i) to assess whether a higher or lower BCS affected total milk production and its quality; (ii) to assess changes in the internal fluid (venous pH; partial pressure of CO(2), ppCO(2); bicarbonate; total CO(2), TCO(2); base excess, BE; electrolytes Na(+), K(+), Cl(−); and anion gap, AG) that occur during this phase depending on the BCS. We can conclude that the BCS at calving does not affect the productive status during lactation, both in terms of the quantity and quality of milk produced. The excess of crude protein (CP) added through the ration in the lactation phase can trigger a tendency to an alkalotic state, in this case compensated by respiratory buffering mechanisms, as reflected by the TCO(2). The changes in electrolytes are a reflection of the movement of free water for milk production, where a balance between measurable anions and cations is observed. MDPI 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8300132/ /pubmed/34359208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072075 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Muiño, Rodrigo
Hernández, Joaquín
Benedito, José L.
Castillo, Cristina
Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title_full Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title_fullStr Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title_short Effects of Calving Body Condition Score on Blood Acid–Base Balance of Primiparous Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows in a Commercial Dairy Farm: A Case Study
title_sort effects of calving body condition score on blood acid–base balance of primiparous holstein-friesian dairy cows in a commercial dairy farm: a case study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8300132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072075
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