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A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods
This study reveals that fossil shungite samples exhibit antioxidant activity, can reduce oxidized components, and bind to free radicals. A sample of Sh20 (size fraction—20 μm) (1.30 mg equivalents of ascorbic acid/g of shungite; 3.46 mg equivalents of trolox/g of shungite; 0.99 mg equivalents of que...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301057/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356354 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071121 |
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author | Skrypnik, Liubov Babich, Olga Sukhikh, Stanislav Shishko, Olga Ivanova, Svetlana Mozhei, Oleg Kochish, Ivan Nikonov, Ilia |
author_facet | Skrypnik, Liubov Babich, Olga Sukhikh, Stanislav Shishko, Olga Ivanova, Svetlana Mozhei, Oleg Kochish, Ivan Nikonov, Ilia |
author_sort | Skrypnik, Liubov |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study reveals that fossil shungite samples exhibit antioxidant activity, can reduce oxidized components, and bind to free radicals. A sample of Sh20 (size fraction—20 μm) (1.30 mg equivalents of ascorbic acid/g of shungite; 3.46 mg equivalents of trolox/g of shungite; 0.99 mg equivalents of quercetin/g of shungite) had the maximal activity according to the amperometric method. The obtained data indicate that shungite has antioxidant properties, but these are approximately 1000 times less pronounced than those of quercetin. A ShT20 sample (size fraction—20 μm + heat treatment) was found to have the highest antioxidant activity against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and cytotoxicity. Further studies, including the optimization of the antioxidant extraction conditions of shungite, and the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the obtained extracts, are required for a more accurate interpretation of the results. Shungite can be applied as an alternative to activated carbon in water purification, due to its absorption, catalytic, antioxidant, regenerating, and antibacterial properties, as well as its high environmental safety and relatively low cost. It is possible to identify new structural forms of carbon within, and other valuable properties of, shungite substance, which will make it possible to create effective technologies for the practical use of shungite rocks, particularly in the production of fullerenes and other carbon nanoclusters. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8301057 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83010572021-07-24 A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods Skrypnik, Liubov Babich, Olga Sukhikh, Stanislav Shishko, Olga Ivanova, Svetlana Mozhei, Oleg Kochish, Ivan Nikonov, Ilia Antioxidants (Basel) Article This study reveals that fossil shungite samples exhibit antioxidant activity, can reduce oxidized components, and bind to free radicals. A sample of Sh20 (size fraction—20 μm) (1.30 mg equivalents of ascorbic acid/g of shungite; 3.46 mg equivalents of trolox/g of shungite; 0.99 mg equivalents of quercetin/g of shungite) had the maximal activity according to the amperometric method. The obtained data indicate that shungite has antioxidant properties, but these are approximately 1000 times less pronounced than those of quercetin. A ShT20 sample (size fraction—20 μm + heat treatment) was found to have the highest antioxidant activity against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and cytotoxicity. Further studies, including the optimization of the antioxidant extraction conditions of shungite, and the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the obtained extracts, are required for a more accurate interpretation of the results. Shungite can be applied as an alternative to activated carbon in water purification, due to its absorption, catalytic, antioxidant, regenerating, and antibacterial properties, as well as its high environmental safety and relatively low cost. It is possible to identify new structural forms of carbon within, and other valuable properties of, shungite substance, which will make it possible to create effective technologies for the practical use of shungite rocks, particularly in the production of fullerenes and other carbon nanoclusters. MDPI 2021-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8301057/ /pubmed/34356354 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071121 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Skrypnik, Liubov Babich, Olga Sukhikh, Stanislav Shishko, Olga Ivanova, Svetlana Mozhei, Oleg Kochish, Ivan Nikonov, Ilia A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title | A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title_full | A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title_fullStr | A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title_full_unstemmed | A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title_short | A Study of the Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activity and Adsorption Properties of Karelian Shungite by Physicochemical Methods |
title_sort | study of the antioxidant, cytotoxic activity and adsorption properties of karelian shungite by physicochemical methods |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301057/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356354 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071121 |
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